Study On Vitality Of Public Space In The Vicinity Of Rail Transit Stations Based On Space Syntax

With the accelerating process of urbanization in China,various kinds of urban problems have been concentrated.A large number of people are flooding into cities,resulting in a shortage of land resources,and the relationship between people and land is increasingly tense: urban traffic congestion,inefficient operation,space spread and environmental degradation need to be solved urgently.In such a background,rail transit,as a new type of urban traffic model,has the advantages of large capacity,low energy consumption,and timely delivery.It not only solves urban traffic congestion,but also stimulates urban economic growth and enhances the value of land around rail transit stations.Therefore,rail transit is regarded as one of the effective means to solve urban problems.Large and medium-sized cities have set off the peak of railway construction.The construction of a rail transit project will take a long period of time from site selection to the opening of the train,and its construction will consume enormous manpower and material resources.As a key node in the rail transit network,the rail transit site will surely have a radiation effect on the surrounding area and significantly enhance the vitality of the urban area.At present,the research on the improvement of the regional vitality of the rail transit site is mainly based on the site which has been operated for many years and the evaluation of its surrounding space vitality.However,there are still a lot of cities still in the planning and construction of rail transit.How to evaluate the influence of rail transit site on the vitality of its surrounding public space and guide the further urban planning and regulation? This is great for playing positive function of rail transit in urban space.This paper takes the public space within 500 m range around the rail transit station as the research object and proposes that this kind of public space shall meet the psychological and physiological needs of human from the perspective of requirements of action subject.Thus,the characteristics of the public space around the rail transit station are summarized,i.e.accessibility,identifiability,security and participation.The relationship between the syntactic parameter variables and dynamic characteristics of public space is established through the space syntactic theory;and the vitality of public space around rail transit station is quantified from the four aspects: accessibility,security,identifiability and participation.Based on the public field investigation and questionnaire around the planning site,the stations of Xuzhou Rail Transit Line 1 are cited to demonstrate the feasibility of selecting the vitality index of public space and acquire the classification of these sites.The state vitality of public space around various sites and the vitality after operation are compared and analyzed by establishing the axis analysis model.It is concluded that the rail transit stations can significantly enhance the accessibility of public space,more obviously improve the vitality of areas with incomplete system in public space,promote the identifiability and participation;but as for the public space system already formed in old city area,it may destroy its original spatial logic order.