Research On Guangdong Hakka Ancient Village In A View Of Passive Design

In today's society,with the continuous improvement of the quality of economy and life,our country is facing serious problems of ecological environment destruction and energy crisis.Therefore,it triggered the upsurge of green building design research based on passive design.Hakka ancient villages in Guangdong are the basic units of social activities.They are carriers of regional culture.They can fully reflect the thoughts of their predecessors in site selection,layout,architecture and geomantic omen and so on,which is of great significance for today's passive building design.This paper takes villages as research objects,and analyzes the site selection,layout,building construction,ventilation and heat insulation of hakka ancient villages in Guangdong through on-site measurement,computer simulation and literature reading,and systematically studies the ancient villages and the physical environment of the residential area.This paper carries on the correlation study with investigation and literature review.Through the study of modern passive design,combined with the analysis of human,architecture and nature in the traditional villages in China,the resonance between them is analyzed.Combined with the existing literature and theory,this paper summarizes the geographical background and geomantic omen concept of Hakka ancient village in Guangdong,and also defines the research object and scope of this paper.On this basis,the overall layout of the village and architectural form of research,combined with field research,measurement and computer simulation technology,summed up the village contains passive design techniques.The organic combination in the location of the Hakka village and the pursuit of natural environment,in the "Fu Yin Bao Yang,Bei Shan Mian Shui",in order to achieve the rational use of terrain shading,lighting and ventilation coordination,to create a good environment micro climate.In the layout of streets and alleys,the study of lighting and ventilation of streets and alleys in villages and villages surrounded by streets and alleys.Analysis of two kinds of streets have good shading effect,surrounded by the streets of sunshade and heat insulation effect is more significant;while in the ventilation,two street forms have improved effect on wind speed,Wai group layout Street uniform wind speed.In the village of water and vegetation,water loop in the village is not only conducive to life and drainage,and the regulation of village microclimate plays an important role;the green vegetation not only enhance the village environment,but also a means of regulating micro climate.In the plane layout,the hakka family pursues the layout form of "Sit north and face south",which is beneficial to lighting and strengthening summer ventilation.at the same time,part of the building around the arc ridge type,strengthen the ventilation and the temperature;the principle of partition.The ingenious setting of patio space is not only beneficial to lighting,but also has good ventilation function in summer according to the principle of hot pressing ventilation.On the building facade with sloping roof,open the window,cornice and veranda,which greatly improves the thermal performance of the building,strengthen the sunshade and heat insulation.In architectural detail,ventilation and heat insulation are enhanced through the air layer of tile and wall,and indoor and outdoor ventilation is strengthened by hollow window and movable louver.Under the background of energy crisis,green building and traditional villages disappearing,the research on the construction of ancient villages in Guangdong Hakka village using passive design can not only provide references for green buildings and passive architectural design,but also benefit the protection of traditional villages in China and the construction of villages.