Research On Intelligent Optimization And Adjustment Of Bus Network

With the rapid development of China’s society and economy,people’s living standards continue to improve,and urban residents’ travel is also increasing.At the same time,however,many large and medium-sized cities in China currently have traffic problems such as frequent traffic accidents and traffic congestion.These problems not only seriously affect the normal travel and daily life of urban residents,but also restrict the rapid development of urban economy.The reason is that,besides the fact that urban transportation infrastructure cannot meet the rapidly growing traffic demand,the unreasonable structure of urban public transportation network is also an important reason.To solve this problem,we need to make reasonable planning for the city bus network.At present,there are many studies on the planning of public transportation network,but most of them are re-planning of the public transportation network.This method is not suitable for large and medium-sized cities,because re-planning the entire public transportation network will not only cost hugely.The human and material resources will also have a great impact on the daily travel of urban residents.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the optimization of bus network in the actual situation.By investigating the research on bus line network optimization problems at home and abroad,and the investigation of practical problems,this paper proposes an ant colony algorithm based bus network optimization algorithm,which is an optimization adjustment for the existing bus line network.This article mainly does the following work:(1)The ant colony algorithm based bus network optimization algorithm is proposed,and the maximum distance of the direct passenger flow density and the minimum line non-linear coefficient are optimized.The constraints such as line length limitation,non-linear coefficient limitation and line repetition coefficient limitation are used.(2)The detailed steps of the algorithm,the pheromone information in the ant colony algorithm,and the heuristic information and passenger flow allocation algorithm are designed.In the design process of the algorithm,a new evaluation function is proposed to improve the quality of the solution.The evaluation function not only considers the number of passengers on the line,the length of the line and the non-linear coefficient of the line,but also all the buses when evaluating a single line.The lines are put together for calculation,taking into account the overall merits of the public transport network.In order to better meet the practical problems,the heuristic information in the ant colony algorithm search process is improved accordingly.The heuristic information first considers the most basic number of passengers(the total number of passengers from the starting point of the line to the next station).The length of the line(the sum of the lengths between the stations from the starting point of the line to the next station),and in order to affect the original line too much in the adjustment process,the number of existing bus lines between the stations is considered.In order to further improve the quality of the solution,the lines that do not satisfy the constraints appearing during the search process are punished(ie,additional pheromone evaporation is performed).(3)Experiments were carried out on the actual bus data and the data in the literature.The validity and stability of the algorithm were verified and analyzed.Experiments show that the method can effectively improve the direct rate and transfer rate of the existing bus network.It can improve the coverage of the bus network,and reduce the repetition rate of the line to a certain extent.