A Comparative Study On The Competitiveness Of International Container Ports Between China And Asean Countries

As the main carrier to promote the development of international trade,the port is the key construction field of marine transportation,and container trhroughput is an important indicator reflecting the competitiveness of a port.In recent years,the container throughput of international ports in China and ASEAN countries has shown an increasing trend.In 2017,the container ports throughput of China and the ASEAN countries were 214 million TEUs and 105 million TEUs respectively,accounting for 28.4%and 13.9%of the world’s container throughput.Moreover,the top 20 ports of world container throughput are Shanghai Port,Singapore Port,Shenzhen Port,Hong Kong Port,Guangzhou Port,Port Klang in Malaysia,Xiamen Port,Tanjung Pelepas Port in Malaysia,and Laem Chabang port in Thailand.The container throughput of China and Southeast Asian countries has occupied a certain position in the world rankings,but the overall construction of the port still has many defects,and its status in the international shipping center needs to be improved.According to the ranking of the world’s top 100 container ports issued by Lloyd’s List in 2018,the selection of Shanghai Port,Shenzhen Port,Hong Kong port,Guangzhou Port,Xiamen Port,Singapore Port,Port Klang,Tanjung Pelepas,Laem Chabang port,Ho Chi Minh Port,Tanjung Priok,Manila,and Tanjung Perak are the research object,using the Grey Forecasting Model to forecast the port container throughput.The prediction results show that the model has a higher prediction accuracy level and obtains reasonable prediction values.In addition,this paper also selects China and ASEAN countries as the research object,and analyzes the factors influencing the competitiveness of container ports from six aspects,including geographical location and natural conditions,basic equipment status,port management status,hinterland regional economy,information technology level and port soft environment.Finally,the evaluation index system of 4 first-level indicators and 21 second-level indicators is established from four aspects of resource and environment foundation,port economic conditions,operation efficiency and modem management level,to conduct empirical research on port competitiveness of China and ASEAN countries.The model uses the principal component analysis method to determine the index weights,and takes the TOPSIS evaluation method as the evaluation method in this paper to analyze the competitiveness level of container ports of various countries from the evaluation results.Finally,based on the analysis of the above evaluation results,this paper draws on the experience of the superior ports and analyzes the problems existing in China’s ports,especially puts forward Suggestions to improve the competitiveness of the international container ports of the southern ports.