Investigation And Study On Jiangxi Ancient Scholar-bureaucrat Gardens

Jiangxi has a long history,beautiful mountains and rivers,and a gathering of humanities,The unique natural geographical environment and profound historical and cultural heritage gave birth to numerous outstanding scholar-bureaucrat gardens.This paper takes the ancient scholar-bureaucrat gardens in Jiangxi as the research object,comprehensive use of literature induction,field research,case studies,comparative analysis,induction analysis and other research methods,combining the historical background of each dynasty,combing out the development of ancient scholar-bureaucrat gardens in Jiangxi,it also summarizes its artistic features from the following aspects: site selection,garden elements,gardening techniques,space layout,landscape conception,etc.The development of ancient scholar-bureaucrat gardens in Jiangxi is divided into five periods:the budding period is the Han Dynasty,the reclusive thought urged the scholars to go to the remote countryside to build huts or houses to live in seclusion;the rising period was the period of Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern dynasties,Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism mingled with each other,metaphysics rose,the feelings of the landscape and advocating seclusion become a social custom,scholars choose the landscape beautiful places to build houses and live;the development period is the Sui,Tang and five dynasties,the development of economy and culture,the prosperity of poetry and painting art,the increase of scholar-bureaucrat gardens,the improvement of gardening techniques,the literati began to participate in the construction of gardens,and the gardens were full of poetic and picturesque ideas;The mature period is the Song Dynasty,the economic and cultural prosperity,gardening activities are very prosperous,the technology is mature,realistic and freehand brushwork combined,garden artistic conception is far-reaching;the heyday was the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,scholar-bureaucrat gardens almost all tend to literati stylization,the garden art reached its peak,and the garden is more exquisite,the garden space is diverse and rich in variety,in addition,by the infiltration of civic culture,the meaning of artificial and civic is becoming more and more obvious,the atmosphere of "entertainment in the garden" is prevailing.The ancient scholar-bureaucrat gardens in Jiangxi are similar to the gardens in the south of the Yangtze River in the aspects of gardening skills,spatial layout,landscape conception,and so on,due to the large number of mountains and lakes in Jiangxi,gardens often resort to the beautiful natural environment,bring in the water outside the garden or digging of a pool in the garden,abundant plant types and wildlife are often essential elements of the landscape.