National Park Natural Education Design Research

National parks preserve natural ecosystems,biodiversity,natural and human heritage,and landscape resources of global significance and national representation.The theory and practice of national park construction at home and abroad shows that nature education is one of the basic functions of national parks,and national parks are the main carriers for nature education.Since 2015,China has carried out pilot construction of 11 national parks such as Sanjiangyuan and Wuyishan.Due to the late start,the theory and practice of natural education construction in national parks suitable for China's national conditions are still in the initial stage of exploration.This paper systematically studies the main content,main forms and functional facilities of national parks in China,and hopes to enrich the theory and methods of natural education design in national parks.Based on the interpretation and combing of the basic functions of national parks,the purpose and audience of nature education in national parks,and the functional space of natural education in national parks,this paper systematically studies the following three issues:(1)China's national The content of nature education in the park;(2)the form of nature education in China's national parks;(3)the design of functional facilities for nature education in national parks in China.In terms of the nature education content of national parks,the key content of nature education in national parks in China has four aspects:(1)natural science knowledge;(2)natural skills knowledge;(3)natural value;and(4)natural ethics.Natural parks,biodiversity,natural and human relics,and scenic resources preserved by national parks with global significance and national representation are physical geography,geology,botany,zoology,ecology,landscape architecture and environment.Scientific nature classroom.Natural skill knowledge is mainly skills,waste treatment skills,environmental quality testing and analysis skills,natural adventure knowledge skills,ecological conservation and management skills that are in harmony with wildlife.The main content of natural value is the value of biodiversity,the value of ecosystem services,and the harmonious development of people and nature.The main content of natural ethics is to respect nature,protect the ecological environment,protect rare and frequently endangered animals and plants,correctly treat the relationship between man and nature,and scientifically and rationally use resources.In the form of nature education in national parks,the forms of natural education suitable for national parks in China mainly include:(1)natural observation;(2)natural experience;(3)natural exploration;(4)natural environment explanation;(5)natural school And natural classrooms.This paper systematically proposes the main content and audience of five kinds of natural education forms in national parks,and reasoning out the types of thematic activities suitable for different forms.In the design of functional facilities for nature education in national parks,a typical combination scheme suitable for the functional facilities of nature education in national parks in China is proposed.The typical functional facilities of natural education are composed of indoor facilities and outdoor facilities to make.Indoor facilities include:(1)visitor center;(2)natural experience hall;(3)safe haven house.Outdoor facilities include:(1)nature education trail;(2)nature education park;(3)natural interpretation facility;(4)environmental quality display facility;(5)warning facility;(6)supporting service facility.The typical design of the main functions and auxiliary functions of the above-mentioned various types of facilities,site selection,construction scale and layout are carried out.The innovation of this paper is to systematically study the natural education content suitable for China's national parks,the form of natural education,and the typical design of natural education functional facilities.It has certain theoretical value for the national park natural education design in China,and the national park nature education project in China.Construction has practical guiding significance.