Impact Of The Built Environment Factors On The Parking Characteristics Of Dockless Bike Sharing Systems

As a new green transportation tool,the dockless bikesharing system(DBS)has effectively solved the problem of traveling for the last mile and has received some attention in the field of urban planning.The urban space should provide corresponding parking and passage space for DBS.In fact,due to the lack of space support,the phenomenon that the DBS occupy the urban public space is extremely prominent.How to determine the most densely populated areas of DBS,and study their spatial occupancy characteristics and formulate corresponding facility planning strategies is one of the issues that should be concerned in the field of urban planning.The existing research is more about the relationship between the useing of public bicycles and the built environment,and less attention is paid to the parking of DBS and the urban space environment problems caused by them.Therefore,this paper mainly studies the influencing factors of the built environment on the spatial and temporal parking characteristics of the DBS.This paper takes the DBS as the research object,and takes the Nanshan District of Shenzhen as an empirical case to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the parking density and the parking duration of the DBS.At the parking density level,the spatial distribution and temporal variation characteristics of the overall parking density in Nanshan District are analyzed,and four time-varying types of parking density in different areas are summarized.At the level of the parking duration,the spatial distribution and temporal variation characteristics of the parking duration of the DBS in Nanshan District are analyzed,and two types of time-varying parking duration in different areas are summarized.Based on the characteristics of parking density and parking duration,four kind of parking types for DBS in Nanshan District are summarized,including the stacked type,free type,independent type and active type parking types.Combined with the research on bike sharing system in the field of urban planning,this paper extracts the built environment facors that may affect the parking characteristics of DBS,and constructs multiple linear regression models and multiple logistic regression models to explore the relevance between the parking density,the parking duration and the parking types of DBS and the built environment factors.The study found that the characteristics of parking density and parking duration of DBS are related to transportation infrastructure factors,sociodemographic factors,land use factors,service facilities factors and topography factors.Under the combination of different built environments,The DBS presents different parking types.Subsequently,through comprehensive analysis of the built environment factors,this paper finds that the central edge layer,the natural environment layer,the space management layer of the fixed impact layer and the floating influence layer including the occupational space layer,the transportation facility layer,the public service layer,etc.comprehensively affected the characteristics of the DBS.Finally,the paper proposes the planning and management strategies for the public bicycle service facilities.