Study And Analysis Of The Impact Of Block Spatial Form On Building Energy Consumption Based On DeST-h Model Simulation

With the rapid development of China's economy,urban sprawl,urban residential environment deterioration,Increasing urban energy demand and other problems keep coming up.Building energy consumption is the third largest energy consumption subject besides transportation energy consumption and industrial energy consumption,and building heating energy and cooling energy consumption is the main component of building energy consumption.More and more attention has been paid to building energy conservation by scholars and architects at home and abroad.Urban spatial form have an important impact on building energy consumption.Optimizing urban spatial form has significant significance in reducing building energy demand.At home and abroad,there have been many studies on the impact of urban spatial form on traffic energy consumption,and abundant research results have been obtained.About urban space form's influence on building energy consumption,Foreign scholars began to study in the early 1970s and have obtained rich research result.While in China,the relevant research is limited to theoretical level,especially in the northern cold region city,there is little empirical evidence research.Urban block is the basic unit of urban spatial structure,and also the basic unit of urban system to realize city's low-carbon design.Taking taiyuan city as an example,this paper selects 11 case blocks within the scope of taiyuan city as the research object to study the influence of block space form on building energy consumption.Learning about the situations and basic morphological Characte-ristics of the case blocks through field investigation,five major spatial morphological indexes including building density,floor area ratio,surface to volume ratio,average building height and greening rate were selected and calculated with Arcgis software.The case block was used as the model,and the DeST-h energy consumption simulation analysis software was used to simulate the energy consumption of the case block under the scenarios without and with energy saving technology respectively.The simulation results are analyzed separately to study the influence of block space form on building energy consumption,the influence of energy-saving technology on building energy consumption,and the influence of block space form on the energy saving potential that can be achieved by energy-saving technology.The results show that:?1?a cold areas such as taiyuan,surface to volume ratio,average building height and floor area ratio are good heating load indexs,and the smaller surface to volume ratio or the higher building height or the higher floor area ratio,the lower heating energy consumption in winter,and these three factors has little correlation with cooling energy consumption.The correlation between building density and building heating and cooling energy consumption is weak,and building density increases,the buildings'heating and cooling energy demand increases,too.The relationship between greening rate and building heating and cooling energy consumption is very weak.?2?Building energy saving technology can reduce building energy consumption,especially in winter the heating energy consumption significantly reduced.Compared to the situation without energy-saving technology,after the adoption of energy-saving technology in each case blocks,coal saving of11.16kg/m²·a standard coal is saved,and 27.81kg/m²·a CO₂,0.84 kg/m²·a SO₂,0.42 kg/m²·a NO_X,7.59 kg/m²·a dust production are reduce to discharge.Building energy-saving technology can bring significant environmental benefits to the block.?3?In cold regions,block space form will affect the potential of building energy-saving technology in reducing heating energy consumption.The smaller floor area ratio or the larger surface to volume ratio or the lower average building height,the more favorable in the energy-saving technology reducing the building heating energy consumption.Building density and greening rate have no obvious effect on the potential of energy saving technology in reducing heating energy consumption.