Research On The Influence Of Residential Block Spatial Form On Building Energy Consumption In Cold Area

Energy conservation and emission reduction is a topic of high concern in the construction field in recent years.Energy consumption in the construction industry accounts for a high proportion of total energy consumption,and the construction industry is also one of the main sources of global carbon dioxide emissions,whose impact on climate change cannot be ignored.Therefore,how to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction in the process of building design,construction and use has become an unavoidable problem for the construction industry.The research on energy conservation and carbon reduction at the urban block scale is a relatively emerging research direction in recent years.Compared with the research on energy consumption of individual buildings,the research on energy consumption at the block scale can take into account the mutual influence among building groups,which is helpful to seek energy-saving methods and strategies at the block planning and design scale.At present,most studies in this field have not been detailed to specific types of blocks,and the influence of local microclimate has not been considered.Based on the above points,this paper studies the influence of block spatial form on building energy consumption for residential types of urban blocks,taking cold area Beijing as an example.Firstly,this paper analyzes the influence of spatial form of residential blocks on building energy consumption,combs the theoretical basis of spatial correlation of residential blocks,and then obtains the general rule of spatial form of residential blocks.In terms of the correlation between spatial form of residential blocks and building energy consumption,it summarizes the coupling mechanism of spatial form of residential blocks,microclimate and building energy consumption,as well as the research methods of building energy consumption.Secondly,the corresponding spatial form data are obtained by investigating typical residential blocks in Beijing.Through the analysis of these data,the spatial form parameters of residential blocks in Beijing are extracted,such as block size range,main types of group layout,block density elements and individual building characteristics.Thirdly,a building energy consumption simulation calculation process based on Rhino&Grasshopper platform,UWG microclimate computing module and EnergyPlus as the core was built.On this basis,building energy consumption models of residential blocks were constructed,including four basic residential block building energy consumption models with Beijing regional characteristics.And 33 derived models containing more morphological features.Finally,annual energy consumption simulation was carried out on the above 37 residential block energy consumption models.After the results were obtained,the corresponding combination of different models was used to carry out comparative analysis of energy consumption for different residential block spatial form parameters,so as to obtain the influence of residential block spatial form parameters on building energy consumption and optimization strategies.It is found that spatial form parameters mainly affect the heating energy consumption and total energy consumption of buildings,and the correlation between them and refrigeration energy consumption is weak and the law is not obvious.Specifically,the group body shape coefficient has the most obvious influence on building energy consumption,showing a strong positive correlation between heating energy consumption and total energy consumption intensity.Floor area ratio,building density and average building height have similar effects on building energy consumption,where floor area ratio and average building height are mainly positively correlated with building energy consumption,while building density and building energy consumption are mainly negatively correlated.In terms of plane layout,high-rise determinant and high-rise enclosed + row hybrid layout have lower energy consumption intensity;The green space ratio of a block has little influence on building energy consumption,and only has a weak influence on refrigeration energy consumption.When the block orientation is not north-south,the relative north-south energy consumption will increase.There is a negative correlation between single building area and building energy consumption.Based on the above research conclusions,the paper puts forward the energy-saving optimization strategy of the spatial form of residential blocks in cold areas,and provides reference and suggestions for the research of energy conservation of urban blocks.