Study On Suitability And Competitive Of China Railway Express Operation By Land Port Company

With the in-depth implementation of the "one Belt and one Road" initiative,the number of cities,which have opened direct train to European countries,are increasing in China.As a new carrier of land freight,more and more land port companies operate direct trains to European countries.With the rapid development of China Railway Express(CR Express)market,the problems of insufficient supply,disorderly competition and high operation cost are becoming more and more prominent,which leads to increasingly disordered competition among CR Express.Optimizing the network layout and increasing the operating efficiency of the CR Express operated by the land port company is a key way to solve the above problems.Firstly,according to the five dimensions of location conditions,infrastructure construction,industrial structure,city positioning and the competitiveness of surrounding cities,this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the suitability of operation direct train for origin cities.And the comprehensive evaluation is applicated by using the TOPSIS method of entropy weight.Then,considering the regional factors and train's opening property,21 candidate cities of consolidation centers are selected by cluster analysis.Subsequently,we determine 10 consolidation centers with correspondence analysis methods,that is,Tianjin,Guangzhou,Chongqing,Chengdu,Urumchi,Xi'an,Zhengzhou,Changsha,Shanghai and Harbin.Finally,within 500 kilometers of consolidation center,the assembly path of each origin city is planned based on the principle of the shortest highway distance,which can realize optimal layout of CR Express transportation network.Secondly,based on the selection of consolidation centers,considering the spatial location differences of land port companies,this paper constructs a Hotelling model which is in line with the characteristics of the development of CR Express from the aspects of shipper's utility and land port company's revenue.To solve the equilibrium price,market share and revenue of land port company in the non-cooperative game.Then,we choose the land port company(Xi'an)and the land port company(Zhengzhou)for empirical analysis.The results show that when ?1=4.3 and ?2=5,the two companies have the largest total equilibrium income,which is about 0.7 × 15 $/FEU.Correspondingly,the local government subsidies to maximize the balanced income of the land port company are:based on 41 standard boxes per train,Xi'an is 1.28 × 106 dollars per train,Zhengzhou is 1.56 × 106 dollars per train.Based on 41 standard boxes per train.The selection of consolidation centers can not only effectively alleviate competition caused by the competition for goods supply among cities,but also reduce the waste of input resources.And the establishment of government subsidy policies conducive to market development can effectively reduce the disordered competition among land port companies and contribute to the sustainable and healthy development of CR Express.