Study On The Architectural Form Design Of Confucian Temples In Jinzhong Area

Jinzhong area is located in the central part of Shanxi Province.There are 13 existing Confucian temples,among which 7 are national key cultural relics protection units.The quantity and quality of preservation are relatively good.Since the tang dynasty,there have been Confucian temples built in jinzhong area.After the dynasties of song,jin,yuan,Ming and qing dynasties changed,Confucian temples have developed into common buildings in various counties and cities.Jingsheng village in lingshi county and jinzhuang village in pingyao county have even set up two village-level Confucian temples,jingsheng Confucian temple and jinzhuang Confucian temple,respectively.As is known to all,when jin merchants were flourishing in the Ming and qing dynasties,the construction activities of the local Confucian temple were in full swing.The Confucian temple has become a unique cultural landscape and architectural type in jinzhong region,which is the concentrated embodiment of Confucianism in architectural form and spatial organization.Jinzhong area Confucian temple complex combination square,vigorous momentum,from the layout form,spatial form to the details of the decoration,all reflect the special regional Confucian temple.The Confucian temples follow a strict hierarchy and concept,and the layout of Confucian temples in jinzhong is characterized by "rigor and preciseness","central axis symmetry","orderly order" and "harmony and unity",as well as the direct manifestation of the architectural form under the traditional Chinese ritual system.In recent years,with the continuous attention and support from the state to the protection of Confucian temples,Confucian temples all over the country have entered the intensive maintenance,protection and development stage.However,the research on Confucian temples in jinzhong area is not perfect.It is limited to the research on individual Confucian temples without systematic analysis.Starting from the design,architecture,history,etc,the multiple view jinzhong area,in the temple as the research object,using the method of collecting literature,field survey method,comparative research and analysis of induction of Confucian temple in the area of the cultural background,current situation,general layout,organization way,space pattern,decorative pattern and so on to conduct a comprehensive combing research,trying to improve the cognitive framework of Confucian temple in the area of Confucian heritage protection has slightly.Based on the origin and development of Confucian temples,this paper firstly analyzes the status quo of Confucian temples in jinzhong region one by one,and briefly describes the promoting effect of cultural background on the development of Confucian temples.Secondly,the overall layout and organization of Confucian temples in jinzhong area are discussed,and the layout types are analyzed with examples,and the layout characteristics are summarized.Then,the spatial form of Confucian temple in jinzhong area is discussed in depth,from its courtyard function layout,route form,dacheng building techniques are elaborated,through the comparative analysis of the spatial form of dacheng temple in different times,then the age characteristics and regional architectural features of dacheng temple in jinzhong area are obtained.Finally,the paper systematically analyzes the decorative form of Confucian temple architecture in jinzhong area,and summarizes its characteristics from three aspects: decoration theme,decoration technology and connotation expression.Jinzhong area Confucian temple overall layout is reasonable,meandering,courtyard space step by step,in strict symmetry in the change,in the flexible change in the unity.In its various layout types,pingyao Confucian temple is the middle temple,the left and right sides are the layout type of learning,jinzhuang Confucian temple is the layout type of pre-learning temple,the two types are rare,the layout features are very significant.Dacheng hall as monomer building in the temple are the most important,the most can reflect its building s aesthetic and design,such as jin pingyao dacheng hall,radically dacheng hall the temple,the temple in the yuan dynasty Zuo Quan taiyuan dacheng hall,the Ming and qing dynasties,the temple temple dacheng hall all reflect their distinct characteristics of The Times,especially in pingyao dacheng hall the temple as an example,its beams with double fork hand strut ridge purlin,wooden use take fang and aperture,and here's take fang s aperture frontal Angle in not in the same period in the form of buildings is extremely rare,curation shop also adopt unique oblique beam approach.In addition,the decoration form of Confucian temple in jinzhong area is also full of characteristics.The animal,plant,human and other subjects are in line with the civilized elegance of Confucian temple,and the art forms such as carving,plastic and painting are attached to the building.It is elegant but not luxurious,exquisite and restrained,and fully shows the decorative characteristics of the Confucian temple in jinzhong area.