Study On The Failure Of Precast Concrete Members In Prefabricated Buildings And Countermeasures

As important composition of prefabricated building,precast concrete members(Precast Concrete Members,referred to as PC Members in this paper)has great impact on the realization of overall quality,duration,cost and other objectives of prefabricated building.In this paper,the phenomenon that the progress,quality and cost of PC members can not meet the requirements of all participants is called PC component failure.As the management of PC members failure prevention is equipped with the feature of engineering management of construction industry and product management in manufacturing industry,attention should be paid to prevention and control in advance.The purpose of this study is to analyze and control the failure of PC members in advance,so as to improve the reliability of PC members in the whole process of construction implementation.The study concludes the features and the connotation of failure of PC members through methods of on-site investigation,expert interview,literature study,etc.For analysis of the failure of PC members,the paper adopts an analysis method of product reliability design and prevention in advance,that is,failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA or failure mode analysis).Combined with relevant thinking of mistake proofing,a failure analysis mode of PC members is established.Based on this model,there is analysis on the failure mode of PC members and its impact on all parts of the prefabricated buildings.Specifically,firstly,it is to analyze the demand of all participants and the process elements of all parts.Secondly,the failure mode of PC members in all parts are collected through interview and questionnaires and other methods.Fuzzy TOPSIS method is used to sort the risk of failure mode in each link so as to confirm that inadequate in-depth design of PC members in the design stage and the size deviation of PC members in production design shall be in the priority of solution.Besides,cause-and-effect diagram is used to analyze cause on the top priorities of failure mode.Through the profound analysis,human error is considered the most critical factor.And it is concluded with the human errors in designers and front line operators,including operation error,inspection errors and so on.The influencing factors of these human errors could be divided into organizational,situational,technical and personal factors,etc.This paper puts forward countermeasures of mistake proofing of PC members based on the principle of mistake proofing and the analysis results of failure mode of PC members:(1)The collaborative design of PC members among disciplines and participants shall be realized with BIM technology for the lack of coordination and loss of design information among disciplines and units in traditional flow design;(2)The members plants shall be dominant to replace the design workplace to have PCmembers design,so as to achieve the standardization of PC members;(3)The design of PC members shall be simplified and symmetrical to reduce the error ratio of production;(4)The collision problem of PC members shall be detected with BIM technology;(5)Initial inspection mechanism shall be established in the production period of PC members,and the problems in PC members shall be found as soon as possible.The results of this study have important reference significance for the goal management of prefabricated building projects.