Research On Evaluation Of Traffic Efficiency And Lane Type Setting Problem In Highway Toll Station

With the rapid development of China's highway business and the increasing traffic volume,toll stations have become the main bottleneck restricting the efficiency of highway traffic.In order to further improve the efficiency of highway traffic and make it convenient for people to travel,the Chinese government issued relevant policies and decided to gradually abolish the toll stations of provincial highways across the country from 2019,and accelerate the promotion and application of ETC services.The promotion of the new policy has created many new problems.Due to the frequent occurrence of ETC equipment abnormalities and the unreasonable setting of toll lanes,the congestion at some toll stations has not only failed to alleviate,but is even more serious.Under this background,this paper takes the highway toll station as the research object,focusing on the two aspects of traffic efficiency evaluation and lane type setting problem in highway toll station.The research has certain theoretical significance and engineering practice value.The main research contents are as follows:(1)On the basis of preliminary research on highway toll station theory,data mine on the toll flow data of highways in Guangdong Province.The traffic flow characteristic indexes of Guangzhou airport toll station are comprehensively analyzed,and a method for calculating the charging service time based on K-Means clustering is also proposed.The traffic flow indicators obtained through data mining can fully and accurately reflect the traffic characteristics of the toll stations in various periods,effectively making up for the problem of insufficient data samples and large errors in manually collecting toll stations.(2)Take the traffic capacity,queue length and delay time as the evaluation indicators of toll station traffic efficiency.Different from the previous calculation of toll station capacity and queuing index with a single model,this paper proposes the calculation methods of traffic efficiency indicators for MTC lanes,ETC lanes,tandem toll lanes and ETC lanes under abnormal conditions,according to the characteristics of different types of toll lanes.Combined with the analysis results of traffic flow characteristics,the capacity of the airport toll station and the queuing index during peak hours are solved under the current conditions.In addition,through numerical simulation and conditional assumptions,the traffic efficiency indexes of the tandem lane and ETC lane under abnormal conditions are solved.And the influence of toll booths number of tandem lane and the occurrence probability of ETC anomalies on the efficiency of toll lanes is analyzed.(3)In the context of accelerating the promotion of ETC application services,with the goal of minimizing the sum of toll station operating costs and user delay costs,through toll station cost analysis,an optimized model of toll station lane type setting including MTC lanes,ETC lanes and tandem lanes was established.This model has a high sensitivity to the toll station vehicle arrival rate and the proportion of ETC vehicles.A genetic algorithm with natural number coding is proposed for model solving.This method can effectively improve the computational efficiency of the model and reduce the blindness of evolution.(4)Taking the airport toll station as an example,assuming that the abnormal probability of the ETC electronic tag is 5 ‰,solve the optimization scheme of the lane type setting under the inbound and outbound directions and the two different ETC usage rates during peak hours,and compare the optimization scheme with the original scheme using VISSIM simulation software.In addition,the vehicle arrival rule of the airport toll station is analyzed throughout the day,and the combination of lanes under different vehicle arrival rates and ETC utilization rates is discussed.The results show that the proposed method can effectively alleviate the toll station congestion and reasonably control the cost,which has a guiding significance for the toll station lane reconstruction and daily operation.