Study On The Capacity And Lane Allocation Of Expressway Toll Stations Based On The Promotion Of ETC Policy

With the rapid development of China’s economy and the continuous growth of car ownership,higher requirements are put forward for highway construction.Due to the development mode of expressways,toll stations have become an important part of expressways.The existence of toll stations restricts the traffic capacity of expressways and is very easy to cause congestion when traffic volume is large.At present,under the new policies of canceling provincial toll stations and vigorously promoting ETC,unreasonable Lane configuration will aggravate congestion.The oll stations composed of ETC and ETC/MTC mixed lanes will gradually become the mainstream form of toll stations in China.This paper analyzes the traffic characteristics of this kind of toll station,obtains the calculation method of capacity and number of lanes,and studies the layout of toll lanes.Firstly,through literature review and books on the theoretical study of toll stations,summarizes the classification of toll stations,analyzes the composition of toll stations,and summarizes the design parameters of toll island and toll lane.Analyze and study the process of vehicle arrival,payment and departure as well as the following,lane changing and lane selection behaviors of drivers.Baqiao toll station is selected to carry out field survey.According to the survey statistics,the arrival characteristics,arrival speed,service time and departure time distribution characteristics of vehicles are studied.Secondly,theoretical analysis and simulation are combined to study and analyze the traffic capacity of MTC,ETC,ETC/MTC and mixed toll station systems.The calculation methods of the traffic capacity of MTC and ETC lanes are obtained by using M/G/K queuing model and minimum headway method respectively.A series of coefficients are introduced to revise the calculation formula of the traffic capacity of ETC lanes,and the calculation methods of the traffic capacity of mixed lanes and toll station systems are analyzed and summarized.Finally,according to the actual survey data,taking Baqiao toll station as the prototype,VISSIM simulation model is constructed.While verifying the traffic capacity calculation model,the influence of ETC speed limit and different lane configuration schemes on traffic capacity is analyzed,and the ETC lane position correction coefficient and the relatively optimal lane configuration scheme are obtained.Under the condition that the total number of toll lanes is certain,the relationship between the traffic capacity of toll station system and the number of ETC lanes,as well as the minimum proportion of ETC users meeting the traffic requirements of arrival traffic and the arrival traffic is analyzed.Combined with the calculation formula of traffic capacity and simulation analysis results,the calculation methods of ETC and ETC/MTC lane numbers are given respectively,and lane layout design is carried out with specific cases.Combined with case design,the calculation table of lane number under specific conditions is given.