Application Of Barrier Free Design Concept In The Design Of Urban Public Toilets

People pay more and more attention to the quality of life with the improvement of material living standards.At the same time,the needs of special people and accessibility facilities in public places are also constantly met and improved.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the basic livelihood project of "toilet revolution" has been carried out in many places,and obvious progress has been made.However,there are still gaps in the quantity and quality of toilets,management and service in the current construction of urban public toilets,especially in the design of facilities for the use of special groups of people,which fails to achieve substantial "barrier free".In view of this series of problems,the author from the perspective of special groups,fully investigate the behavior of special groups in the public toilet space,understand the barrier free design function space and basic design norms in the urban public toilet space.Then based on the concept of barrier free facilities,combined with human body scale,human behavior barrier free research and different physiological and psychological needs of different groups of people for indoor and outdoor environment space,this paper puts forward design methods that meet the actual application,and discusses the design principles and Strategies of urban public toilets for special groups.In this paper,the main users of barrier free design are the elderly,the visually impaired and other special groups.Based on the special needs of special groups and the way of using the toilet,the main obstacles and solutions of using the urban public toilet for these groups are summarized.This article is divided into five parts,the first chapter first describes the research background and purpose of the article,through the study of the current domestic and foreign literature of urban public toilets,to establish the research direction and specific issues of the article,on this basis,design the research ideas.The second chapter introduces the restrictive factors of the development of urban public toilets and the factors that affect the construction of urban public toilets.The third chapter introduces the concept,generation and development of barrier free concept,which involves the object type and relevant norms of barrier free design in urban public toilets,and analyzes how barrier free design concept is applied to the design of public toilets.By analyzing and learning from excellent cases,the essence is applied to design practice.In the fourth chapter,we use environmental psychology,behavioral science and Maslow's demand principle to analyze the differentiated needs of four special groups.In the process of solving the problem,we determine the external environment,functional improvement,special needs,barrier free configuration,space optimization and other aspects of urban public toilets.Then we determine the design principles and design strategies.The fifth chapter mainly uses the advantages of the case for reference through the case analysis,applies it to the design practice,and demonstrates the design strategy through the design practice.The purpose of design research is to provide some reference for designers in related design fields,at the same time,to respond to the call of "toilet revolution",and to provide theoretical guidance and practical experience for people's livelihood issues that are widely concerned by the current society.