Game Study On The Major Participants Of Construction Projects In BIM Application

In the face of the requirements of the times such as innovation-driven development and intelligent construction in China,there is an urgent need for BIM to become the basis and core technology to promote the information development of the construction industry.But at present,the BIM which needs to play its real value in the construction project has not really been applied.Therefore,this paper comprehensively uses the research methods of bibliometric analysis and game analysis,and takes the construction project group as the research background,on the basis of analyzing the obstacles in the application of BIM in construction projects,this paper makes a game research on the application of BIM to individual or group subjects.The purpose of this paper is to provide a valuable reference for the application research of BIM in construction projects,which is in line with the policy guidance and has certain practical significance.Based on combing the relevant literature on the application of BIM and game analysis in the construction industry,this paper first analyzes the demands,current situation,and obstacles of the application of BIM in construction projects.The results show that the application of BIM in construction projects does not receive good results and there are many obstacles.And the poor cooperation environment caused by the lack of BIM application and the lack of interaction between the project subjects is the root cause of the dilemma of BIM application.Secondly,based on the analysis of the relationship between the main body of the construction project about the application of BIM,the multi-stage dynamic game between a single owner and a single designer,the principal-agent analysis of a single owner and a single contractor,and the evolutionary game between a designer group and a contractor group are carried out successively from a generalized single subject to a normal group under the background of the construction project group.The game results show that the smaller the excess return,the smaller the opportunity cost and the higher the discount rate,the designers are more likely to choose to actively use BIM.The contractor's optimal effort level is positively correlated with their own ability to apply BIM,negatively with the effort cost coefficient,and with the relative importance of the three objectives,while the optimal incentive coefficient for contractors is negatively correlated with their absolute risk aversion coefficient and exogenous variables.Reducing the cost of cooperative application of BIM has the strongest effect on promoting the cooperation between designers and contractors,and as long as the incentive amount and the fine amount for non-cooperation are set reasonably,the cooperative application of BIM between the two parties will be long-term stable.Finally,the result of the game of the construction project subject in the application of BIM shows that there are specific management implications for different subjects: the designer should change the way of thinking,control the cost of BIM application,and communicate deeply with other subjects on construction information to ensure consistency;contractors urgently need to improve their ability to apply BIM,but also coordinate and control the relative importance of the three objectives,so that the efforts can be easily transformed into positive results.As the leader of the construction project and the main promoter of BIM application,the owner should guide the designer and contractor to establish a cooperation mechanism based on BIM application,make great efforts to reduce the cost of cooperation,and set up a reward and punishment mechanism to encourage designers and contractors to cooperate in BIM application.The main innovations of this paper include: defining the research scope into two stages of project implementation,that is,design and construction,innovating the thinking perspective and breaking through the traditional single modular research;The research perspective is defined as the construction project group,and the game analysis of pairwise differences between individual subjects or subject groups is carried out respectively,which is different from the traditional construction project management research.It is the need to adapt to the characteristics of the subject game and reflects the research from shallow to deep.This paper studies the decision-making process of dynamic collaborative BIM application of designers and contractors,which is regarded as bounded rationality,and provides a valuable reference for promoting the cooperation between designers and contractors led by the owner.