Reverting Spawn And Csaing Soil New Technology Development For Agaricus Bisporus Cultivation

The culinary button mushroom Agaricus bisporus is the most commonly cultivated and consumed species worldwide.Comparing with other patterns of spawn,the reverting liquid spawn has many advantages,such as the short time of preparation,the quick velocity of spawn running and the large inoculation,which have been used in Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus eryngii currently.The aim of this study is to explore the higher efficiency cultivation technology of the mushroom comprised of production technology for reverting liquid spawn,and adding Pseudomonas putida UW4 which is1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)deaminase(Acds)producing strain into casing materials to replace conventional casing soil.1.Optimization of the culture medium and conditions for reverting liquid spawn preparation.The optimum liquid culture medium was screened by using dry weight and morphology of mycelium pellets as index.The optimal fermentation conditions were worked out through single factor test.The experiment results showed that addition amount of compost extract,concentration of calcium peroxide and liquid medium volume in shaking flask were the prominent factors that affected fermentation.By using Box-Behnke design software Design-Expert,a regression model equation was obtained after response surface analysis(RSA)performed,which is:Y=+8.311E-003-6.950E-005X1-9.437E-005X2-7.996E-004X3+4.150E-005X1X2+1.270E-004X1X3+2.823E-004X2X3-3.225E-006X12-1.648E-00522+8.153E-005 X32.The optimum addition amount of compost extract,concentration of calcium peroxide,and liquid medium volume in shaking flask were predicted to be 50%,0.01 g/100 ml,and 80 ml,respectively,for the maximum dry weight,which is 0.009787 g/ml.The optimized formulation was included in the experimental treatments,and the actual value was 0.0095g/ml,which was consistent with the predicted value.2.Preparation of reverting liquid spawn.Gel Y was selected from a variety of gelling agents since it performed the best curing effect at room temperature.The liquid was cured and then stored at 4?.After 30 days,the liquefaction spawn were inoculated in sterile compost in plate and incubated at 25?.The growth rates of the spawn obtained by adding soil or compost extract medium were 49.8%-77.9% higher than that of the medium PDB with abundant nutrition.3.Study on new technology of casing.Twelve casing treatments were performed,the treatments were conventional casing soil,conventional casing soil added 5% microbial inoculum,sterile conventional casing soil added 5% microbial inoculum,peat soil,sterile peat soil,peat soil added 5% microbial inoculum,sterile peat soil added 5% microbial inoculum,sterile biochar,sterile biochar added 5% microbial inoculum,sterile expanded perlite,sterile expanded perlite added 5% microbial inoculum,sterile vermiculite,sterile vermiculite added 5% microbial inoculum.Each treatment was designed 3 test areas,each area is about 4 m2,random distribution.The yield of the first and second mushroom crops,peat soil treatment was the highest,sterile biochar and sterile biochar added 5% microbial inoculum were the lowest,followed by expanded perlite treatment.There was no difference among the other treatments and conventional casing soil.The results showed that the vermiculite or expanded perlite added UW4 microbial inoculum treatment could be used as casing soil substitute material.4.The effect of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)deaminase(Acds)producing bacteria in the casing soil on the yield of mushroom.Determination of the numbers of Acds producing bacteria in different casing treatments after the second flush mushroom was harvested.There was a positive linear correlation between the numbers of bacteria and the yield of the first and second crops(P < 0.01).The results showed that the higher the number of ACC deaminase producing bacteria in the casing soil,the higher the yield of the first and the second crops.