Study On Crop Agronomic Character,Yield And Soil Fertility Of Winter Wheat-Replenishing Summer Maize(Soybean) Rotation System

Wheat,corn and soybean were selected as the tested crops and were sown in the field at different peroid.(1)The effects of different sowing techniques(Wheat wide narrow row tanshang technology.]onggai technologry,open field dril]ing technology)on agronomic traits and yield of winter wheat in growth period were studied.(2)The effects of different sowing techniques on soil fertility in winter wheat growth period were studied.(3)The effects of different fertilization treatments on physiological status,agronomic characters and yield of summer maize(soybean)were studied.(4)The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil fertility in summer maize(soybean)were studied.Indicators include physiological indicators in the ground(chlorophyll content.root activity).agronomic characters of maize(plant height,spike position.stem diameter,number of green leaves per plant.lateral root number,root length,plant fresh weight and dry weight,length of ear,ear length,number of ear,row grain number,seeds per ear and 100-grain weight).agronomic characters of soybean(plant height.true leaf number,root length,plant fresh weight and dry weight,pod number per plant,grain number per plant,grain weight per plant,100 grain weight and yield),soil nutrients(alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus,available K,organic matter)and soil enzyme(alkaline phosphatase,invertase,urease)activity.The results showed that:(1)In wheat season.under different sowing techniques,wheat wide narrow row tanshang technology on moisture was conducted to improve the wheat grain number and grain weight,and effectively improve the wheat grain yield at maturity.(2)In wheat season,the soil nutrients and soil enzyme activity in the same growth period increased with the increase of soil layer.(3)In jointing stage,the soil available K,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus,organic matter,invertase activity and phosphatase activity were relatively high,the soil urease content of wheat wide narrow row tanshang was relatively high.At heading stage of wheat,the content of soil available potassium was relatively high,the soil available potassium was relatively high,the content of soil available nitrogen,organic matter and invertase were relatively high,the content of soil available phosphorus was relatively high,the soil urease content was relatively high.At the maturity of wheat,the soil available K,organic matter,invertase,phosphatase and urease were relatively high,and the content of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in the soil was relatively high.Therefore,using "longgagou sowing" technique can effectively improve soil nutrients and soil enzyme activity.(4)Leaf chlorophyll content,dry matter accumulation and grain yield at three maize growth stages were higher than those of biology slow-release fertilizer,but the root activity was the opposite.The number of root lateral roots and root length in the underground part of maize were higher than that of the exert compound fertilizer.The number of lateral roots and root length of the underground parts were higher than that of the exert.(5)The chlorophyll content of soybean leaves with NPK compound fertilizer and bio-bacterial manure was higher than that of exert compound fertilizer.At seedling and filling stages,the application of NPK compound fertilizer was slightly higher than that of exert compound fertilizer.The root activity of soybean at seedling and flowering stages showed that the root activity with the application of NPK compound fertilizer was higher than that of exert fertilizer,but the root activity was the opposite at filling stage,and the difference was small.The number of main leaves and lateral roots of bacterial manure fertilizer with NPK compound fertilizer was higher than that of NPK compound fertilizer,but the root length and nodule number of NPK compound were longer than that of bacterial manure fertilizer.(6)In maize(soybean)season,the soil nutrients and soil enzyme activity at the same growth period increased with the increase of soil layer.(7)Different fertilization treatments had different effects on soil nutrients,organic matter and soil enzyme activity at different growth stages of summer maize and soybean.The soil fertility content of corn and soybean was relatively high.