Effects Of Protected Cultivation Modes On Yield And Quality Of Four Tomato Varieties

In this paper,the experiments werecarried out in the greenhouse of Baiyun Experimental Base of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences to compare the effects of three cultivation modes?soil culture,substrate cultivation and hydroponics?on the yield,quality and economic benefits of four tomato varieties?Nova 101,Jin Baolai,Katie and Summer Sunshine?,The main resultswere as follows.1.In autumn,the yield per plant of the substrate cultivation and hydroponics of Nova101increased by 64.86%and 107.41%,respectively.The yield per plant of the substrate cultivation and hydroponics of Jin Baolai increased by 77.61%and 58.28%.The yield per plant of substrate cultivation and hydroponic of Katie increased by 48.59%and 73.10%compared with that of soil culture.The yield per plant of substrate cultivation and hydroponic of Katie increased by 9.11%and 120.20%.In order to obtain high yield,Nova101,Katie and Summer Sunshine were suitable forhydroponics in autumn,Jin Baolai were suitable for substrate cultivationboth in autumn.2.The soluble sugar content of Nova 101,Jin Baolai and Katie were the highest in hydroponic,increased by 14.83%,18.74%,15.57%,but the nitrate content was the lowest.The quality of Nova 101,Jin Baolai and Katie's hydroponic was significantly higher than the other two kinds of cultivation.The nitrate content in Summer Sunshine was the lowest in the substrate cultivation,which is 214.41ug·g^-1,other indicators were no significant differences compared the other two kinds of cultivation methods.From the aspect of fruit quality analysis,theNova101,Jin Baolai and Katie should choose hydroponics,the Summer Sunshine should select substrate cultivation.3.The growth and development of Nova 101,Jin Baolai,Katie,and the Summer Sunshine were faster under water culture as comparied with that of substrate cultivation and soil culture.Under the condition of water culture,the growth rate of plant height,stem diameter and leaf length was the fastest.The photosynthetic efficiency and plant biomass of the four tomato cultivars were the highest,and there was significant difference between the substrate cultivation and soil culture.4.The output value per hectare of substrate cultivation of Nova 101,Jin Baolai and Katie was higher than other two kinds of cultivation modes,the output value per hectare of substrate cultivation was higher than that of soil culture,which was 22 times,5 times,1times,respectively;the output value per hectare of the Summer Sunshine is in the order of hydroponic>substrate cultivation>soil culture,the output value per hectare of hydroponic was higher than that of soil culture,which was 130.32%.From the analysis of economic benefits,Nova 101,Jin Baolai and Katie were selected substrate cultivation;the Summer Sunshine were selected hydroponics.5.Combing the results of yield,quality,growth and economic benefits analysis,Nova101 and the Summer Sunshinewas suitable for hydroponic;Jin Baolai and Katie was suitable for the substrate cultivation in order to obtain high yield,high quality and high efficiency.