Influence Of Scale On Technical Efficiency And Its Cause Of Hog Production In China

China is a big country of pork production and consumption.With the rapid development of pig breeding industry in China,the proportion of large-scale farming is increasing.Whether the large-scale production can bring the improvement of the technical level and efficiency and provide the guarantee for the meat supply is the question which needs us to study.This paper uses the 18 provinces' hog input-output data of "national agricultural products cost income data compilation" from 2004 to 2014.The productivity and efficiency of hog breeding in China are analyzed by the input-output and accounting costs and benefits,comparison of different scale farmers productivity level and the level of economic benefits.The stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)was used to estimate the technical efficiency of different breeding scale.This paper analyzes and studies the relationship between the scale and technical efficiency of hog breeding from the perspective of the quality of labor force and capitalization.Through theoretical analysis,this paper explains the relationship between scale and technical efficiency and the internal influence mechanism,and makes an empirical test using Tobit econometric model.By comparing the input and output of different sizes,we can find that the large-scale hog farming in China has a significant role in promoting labor and capital intensive.With the expansion of the scale,farmers in the labor output rate increased significantly.In addition,the size of the farmers operating mode for the facility,dedicated capital investment is higher than the scattered households,to achieve an alternative to reduce labor costs,labor costs,the formation of cost advantage.In addition,the profit per unit of large-scale is higher than that of scattered households,which indicates that the scale farming has more economic benefits.We found that there is a positive correlation between the efficiency and scale of hog production in China.The quality of labor and capitalization are the two major causes of the technical efficiency.With the expansion of the scale,the proportion of employees will lead to the decrease of technical efficiency.With the expansion of the scale,increase the proportion of labor employment,large-scale farmers need to pay more attention to the quality problem of labor workers,through strengthening management training,improve the production process standardization.In addition,there is a significant positive effect on the improvement of technical efficiency with the capitalization of mechanization and facilities.However,due to the late start of the scale of aquaculture in China,at present,the capital of farming is still at a low level,and there is still a certain distance from the real standardization and modern farming mode.Although the scale has brought the labor and capital intensive and enhance the level of technical efficiency,however,with the expansion of the scale of labor workers also exist quality problems,improve the efficiency of internal management is the development of large-scale hog farming in China should pay attention to the issue.