Analysis On The Production Efficiency And Management Of Farmer Household Economic Forest Products In Shandong Province

Economic forests take into account economic,ecological and social benefits,adaptability and long-term benefits.The development of the economic forest industry plays an important role in rural revitalization,ecological poverty alleviation and ecological civilization construction as an important way to adjust the agricultural industrial structure,increase farmers' income,and improve the ecological environment.Through a series of policy promotion and development measures,economic forests can achieve sustained and rapid development,help solve the "three rural" problems,and promote the realization of rural revitalization strategies.This study takes Shandong Province as the research area,based on the actual survey data of farmer household,using the combination of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis to measure the production efficiency of the main dried fruit economic forest products for farmer household in Shandong Province,and explore the path of production efficiency improvement for them.Firstly,based on the statistical survey data of the farmer household's main dried fruit economic forest products such as chestnut,walnut and jujube in Shandong Province,based on the optimal scale regression analysis and statistical analysis of the input and output and operational benefits of farmer household economic forest management in Shandong Province,the DEA model and Malmquist productivity as well as improved C-D production function,etc.were adopted.The index has studied the measurement of scale efficiency,technical efficiency and cost efficiency of different dried fruit economic forest products and their influencing factors of farmer household.Secondly,on this basis,the paper explores and analyzes the improvement path of production efficiency of different economic forest products of farmer household.The study concluded that:(1)In 2005-2016,the scale efficiency of jujube,chestnut and walnut in Shandong Province was lower,lower than the national average of farmer household,and the scale efficiency of ginkgo was not obvious.Compared with the whole country,it had a slight advantage.There is a certain potential for growth.The elasticity coefficients of farmers' production factors of jujube,walnut and chestnut were 1.346,1.074 and 1.214 respectively,which were all greater than 1,indicating that farmers' production of jujube,walnut and chestnut had obvious economies of scale and potential for development.(2)In terms of technical efficiency,the production technology efficiency of different economic forest products of farmers is relatively low.The average technical efficiency of jujube is0.54,the average technical efficiency of walnut is 0.66,and the average technical efficiency of chestnut is 0.77.There is room for improvement.(3)In terms of cost efficiency,the cost efficiency of different economic forest products of farmer household also has a large room for improvement.Among them,the average cost efficiency of jujube farmers was 0.76;the average cost efficiency of walnut farmers was 0.59,and the average cost efficiency of chestnut farmers was 0.69,which still had a certain gap compared with the minimum cost efficiency.The study draws conclusions from factors affecting different efficiency:(1)In terms of scale efficiency,capital investment and fine forestation are the main factors affecting jujube,walnut and chestnut of farmer household.Increasing capital investment of farmer household and appropriately increasing the economic forest planting area can be improved for them.(2)In terms of technical efficiency of farmer household,whether the head of the school is educated,the site conditions,whether the head of household or family members have received technical training are important factors affecting the inefficiency of jujube,walnut and chestnut technology.(3)In terms of cost efficiency of farmer household,labor price is an important factor that restricts the output of three economic forest products.The main influencing factors of cost inefficiency are the education level of the head of the household,whether the head of the household is a village cadre,whether the head of the household joins a professional cooperative and the site conditions.Therefore,the study found that the main path to improve the farmer household's economic forest products in Shandong Province is increase investment in economic forest industry,select models suitable for farmers of different scales,and promote mechanized production of economic forests.For farmers with moderate production scale,encourage concurrent production mode.Improve production scale efficiency,technical efficiency and cost efficiency of them.The research focuses on the decision-making variables of different economic forest production(four species)of farmers,and considers the impact of different market,technology and production conditions on the economic forest management efficiency,and then analyzes the impact on different farmers' supply behavior,which has certain new ideas in research.In addition,on the basis of C-D production function,this paper introduces the index of forest land fragmentation,and improves the production function method to reflect the change of scale efficiency,which has some innovation in the research method.The study also uses DEA model and Malmquist productivity index as well as SFA model and C-D production function,etc.to systematically measure production scale efficiency,technical efficiency and cost efficiency of farmer household,which is rich in efficiency research methods and content.The research also has obvious pertinence and strong applicability can provide relevant decision-making reference for economic forest production and management,as well as it has certain reference value for farmers to get rid of poverty,increase income and improve the production efficiency of economic forest.