Study On The Effect Of Forestry Hiring-labor On Technical Efficiency Of Forestry Farmer

As a result of the large number of non-agricultural employment opportunities brought about by the process of urbanization,the opportunity cost of forestry labor force in rural areas is rising.In order to obtain higher income,a large number of young and middle-aged rural labor force shifted to the urban and non-agricultural sectors,so the forestry production also resulted in insufficient supply of labor factors and quality problem.The non-agricultural transfer of a large number of rural labor force makes the farmer's family-owned labor force can no longer meet the demand for labor force in forestry production.Therefore,in order to meet the demand for labor in forestry production,farmers employ labor force to carry out forestry production.In the southern region with low replacement rate of machinery and hilly terrain,the hiring-labor force has become a necessary condition for local forestry production.Hiring-labor in forestry production can improve the current shortage of forestry labor force to a certain extent,and provide conditions for large-scale forestry management.However,due to the existence of "moral hazard" in hired labor,the input of hired labor may have a negative impact on forestry production compared with the input of family-owned labor,which has become an urgent issue to be explored and solved in forestry production.Taking Zhejiang Province as an example,this study chooses timber forest and economic forest as two forest species in southern collective forest region.By using stratified sampling and random sampling,two counties(cities)of Jiande and Kaihua County are selected as timber forest management sample counties(cities)for field investigation.245 effective samples of farmers are obtained,and 12 counties(cities)such as Linan District,Chun'an County and Yunhe County are selected as samples.The sample counties(cities)of economic forest management carried out field survey,and 426 effective samples of farmers were obtained.On this basis,the paper empirically analyzed the impact of forestry hiring-labor on forestry technical efficiency in different forest management from the perspectives of hiring-labor input and hiring-labor quality,and drew relevant conclusions and put forward relevant suggestions to improve the problem of hiring-labor in forestry production.The main research process and conclusions are as follows:(1)The composition of farmer's forestry labor force in different forest species was compared by statistical description analysis method.It is found that the labor force of timber forest farmers is relatively scarce,and they have to employ a large number of labor force for forestry production.Compared with timber forest farmers,the economic forest farmers rely less on the labor force of employees,and the main source of labor force is the family's own labor force.(2)The stochastic frontier production function based on different frontiers was used to analyze the effects of different forest hired labor input on farmers' forestry technical efficiency.Empirical results show that the technical efficiency of farmer's forestry tends to be "inverted U" with the increase of the proportion of hiring-labor input in the production process of timber forest and economic forest.(3)The stochastic frontier production function based on different frontiers is used to analyze the impact of labor quality of forestry hiring-labor on farmers' forestry technical efficiency.Empirical results show that the proportion of male hired-labor in timber forest farm households has a negative impact on the technical efficiency of farm households,while the proportion of male hired-labor in economic forest farm households has a positive impact on the technical efficiency of farm households,and the proportion of hired-labor over 60 years old has a positive impact on the technical efficiency of farm households.(4)According to the conclusions of the study,the following suggestions are put forward:(1)Establishing an effective labor supervision and management mechanism to reduce the cost of labor supervision;(2)Increasing the input of forestry services according to the production characteristics of different forest species;(3)According to the production characteristics of different forest species,a more suitable forestry outsourcing service is selected.