Investigation On The Biosafety Status And Transaction Links Of Sheep In Henan Province

In order to acquire the management and epidemic prevention status of sheep in Henan province,and to master the transportation and sales models of sheep of different scales and different farming methods,a cross-sectional survey on the biosafety status of sheep in Henan Province was carried out in 2018.The main survey method was a questionnaire survey.The scope of the investigation is in the counties and districts under the jurisdiction of Henan Province.The survey targets are county-level animal disease prevention and control centers and animal health supervisors,sheep farms,sheep trading markets and sheep brokers.The main survey contents are the status of sheep storage in various counties and districts,slaughtering and transfer of sheep;the breeding and breeding methods of sheep farms,biosafety protection,immunization and morbidity;the trading method of live sheep trading market,management status;sheep brokers purchase and sales channels specific trading behavior.A baseline cross-sectional survey of brucellosis in sheep was conducted in G County of Henan Province.A sampling strategy was designed,sampling and laboratory tests were carried out,and infection risk factors were detected for the positive and negative fields of brucellosis.Case-control study.A total of 938 sheep farms in 116 counties,23 sheep trading markets and 113 sheep brokers were surveyed.Through the input of survey data,the biosafety status of sheep in the eastern,western,southern,northern and central Henan Provinces was descriptively analyzed by geographical division;the epidemic rate of flock disease in G County was obtained.Possible risk factors for infection;statistics and analysis of trading methods and broker behavior in the trading market.The data show that the sheep breeding in Henan Province is mainly concentrated in the eastern and northern of Henan.The scale of sheep breeding in Henan Province is very low.The farm households with less than 600 stocks account for 82.9%of all survey households.The farms have a minimum of 500 heads per year,the proportion is 77.6%.The breeding and breeding methods are diverse,and the self-cultivated farms account for 74.4%,and the farm-based farms account for 63.0%.The level of biosafety protection is uneven.4.9%of farm households have purchased sheep in the past year.Only 51.6%of sheep farmers will detect brucellosis before purchase,and 20.0%of farms The living area of the household is not the same as the production area.Only 57.4%of the farms have a special delivery room or place of origin;the population immunization rates of foot-and-mouth disease,small ruminant disease,brucellosis,etc.are 96.6%,96.6%,84.2%,respectively,and the incidence of lamb diarrhea can reach 27.26%(95%CI:24.44%-30.23%),major animal diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease,small ruminant plague,and sheep pox have occurred clinically.The incidence and mortality of sheep are still relatively high.The average incidence of sheep is 5.05%(95%Cl:4.98-5.12%),the average individual mortality rate was 0.94%(95%Cl:0.91%-0.98%).The apparent prevalence rate(HPA)in the Brucellosis disease free-range village in G County was 16.35%(95%CI:10.97%-23.03%),and the apparent prevalence rate of the farm was 22.22%(95%Cl:12.04%-35.60%)According to the analysis of risk factors,"the sheep sellers enter and leave the farm at random" and "share the species of rams" are the main risk factors for the infection of the disease in the sheep farms of the county.The trading market in Henan Province is mostly spontaneous,the management method is relatively loose,the disinfection measures such as disinfection are not in place,and 60.0%of the live sheep market has the phenomenon of common trade with other animals.Only 69.6%(16/23)of the sheep trading market is set up.There are cleaning and dis:infection systems;brokers have complicated trading behaviors,71.1%of the brokers are raising sheep at the same time,10.8%are also engaged in feed processing and sales,49.4%of the live sheep slaughtering and processing methods are diverse,and 73.3%of the brokers have special Living sheep holding places,frequent transactions in the province,long-distance cross-provincial transactions.The distribution of sheep farming in our province is uneven,the regional differences are large,and the methods of breeding and breeding are diverse.The level of biosafety protection varies from place to place,and the immunization rates of different disease groups vary greatly.The live sheep trading market is mostly spontaneous,with no clear management and a loose organization.Brokers continuously purchase live sheep across regions and multiple links,and the phenomenon of holding batches of sheep mixed groups is common.In some areas,“farmers are arbitrarily entering and leaving the farm" and "shared rams" are the risk factors for brucellosis in sheep farms.It is recommended that the government strengthen the management of live sheep market and regulate market trading behavior.Strengthen the standardization of brokers' professional behaviors,especially to improve the biosafety awareness of brokers.Strengthen publicity,improve the management ability and bio-safety level of farm households,and enhance the awareness of disease prevention and control.