Analysis On Medicinal Plant Resources Diversity Characteristics In The Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

The rich medicinal plant resources are the material basis of the development of Chinese pharmacy.To understand the types,distribution and protection status in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve,we carried out a systematically investigation and hoped to provide the scientific basis for effective protection and management on local medicinal plants.In this study,the diversity of medicinal plants was investigated by field survey,photo collection,questionnaire survey and literature review from 2014 to 2016.Results:(1)Totally 602 species of medicinal plants belonged to 399 genera and 130 families were found in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve.Among them,there are 36 ferns species belonged to 26 genera and 17 families;3 gymnosperms species belonged to 3 genera and 3 families;and 563 angiosperms species belonged to 370 genera and 110 families.There were 146 medicinal plants included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(2010 edition),accounting for 20.39% of the total number of medicinal plants.Among them,the number of Asteraceae(52species)and Labiatae(25 species)in protected area were largest.(2)Based on the diversity of species and genera,there are 165 species belonged to Oligotypic family(2-5 species),which accounting for 44.77% of total number of families,and accounting for 27.41 % of the total number of plant species.And 284 mono-species genera were accounting for 71.18 % of the total genera.(3)Based on the diversity of life forms,herbal medicinal plants(450 species)were dominated growth type,accounting for 74.75 % of the total number of species.(4)In terms of the performance of traditional Chinese medicine,the whole herb(whole plant),root and rhizome medicinal plants were the main medicinal parts in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve,bitter taste,pungent taste and sweet taste were the main medicinal tastes,and the utilization value of flat,cold,warm and cool medicinal plants was high.Heatclearing is the main medical effect.Most medicinal plants had no toxicity,except for 69 plants.(5)The floristic composition of medicinal plants in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve was complex,including 14 distribution types and 16 distribution variants,and 170 genera were temperate,accounting for 42.61 % of the total genera,ranking first,and showing mainly temperate distribution.(6)The comprehensive development value of most medicinal plants in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve was high.There were 78 species of plants in the first class of development and utilization value,accounting for 12.97 % of the total species.There were 273 species of plants in the second class of development and utilization value,accounting for 45.35 %.230 species ranking three class,accounted for 38.21 %and 21 species of plants of Grade IV,accounted for 3.49 %.(7)There were 71 kinds of rare and wild medicinal plants in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve,of which 30 were in urgent need of protection,37 were in need of protection and 4 were generally protected.Conclusion: Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve was rich on diversity of medicinal plants,including various types of medicinal plants such as life styles,location and efficacy,so this was an important reserve for wild medicinal plant resources.Therefore,we propose to make more efforts to improve the protection measurements to better protect and utilize medicinal plant.