| With the acceleration of my country's urbanization process,the urban ecological environment is improving day by day,and urban construction is developing from extensive construction to ecological civilization construction.Therefore,creating a "resource-saving" and "environment-friendly" urban human settlement environment has become the primary task of urban ecological civilization construction.Urban forest,as a living infrastructure in the urban ecological environment,is an indispensable part of a modern ecological city.Among them,the urban road landscape forest plays an ecological role that cannot be ignored.However,in the past road landscape forest construction process,most of them only focused on the construction of a single function such as protection,beauty or leisure,which could not meet the comprehensive needs of today's urban ecological construction.The connotation of environment-friendly road landscape forest is to weigh the construction of road landscape forest and solve the contradiction between human and nature symbiosis.This research is aimed at the problem of the Environment-friendly road landscape forest classification system and the fuzzy construction standards.Taking the urban road landscape forest in Tai'an City as the research object,using a combination of field survey,geostatistics and analytic hierarchy process,different allocation modes are selected.To investigate and analyze the community structure characteristics of road landscape forests,establish an evaluation index system for urban Environment-friendly road landscape forests,analyze the Environment-friendly functional characteristics of road landscape forests,identify key factors affecting Environment-friendly functions,and determine the best urban roads The configuration mode of landscape forest provides a scientific basis for improving the construction of urban road landscape forest.The results of the study are as follows:(1)Road landscape forest structure and classification in Tai'an CityThe road landscape forest structure shows a trend of low species diversity and young trees.There are 99 species of road landscape forest plants,totally 47 families and 71 genera.Among them,there are 27 species of tree plants in 22 genera and 15 families,and the most frequently used broad-leaved and coniferous species are Platanus × acerifolia and Cedrus deodara;shrubs have 17 families and 29 genera.Rosaceae and Oleaceae plants;17 families,25 genera and 28 species of herbaceous plants,mainly Ophiopogon bodinieri,Iris tectorum and other plants.The tree heights are concentrated in 5-7 m,accounting for 58.22% of the total.The proportion of trees with a height of 6 m is the largest,accounting for 26.24%;the diameter at breast height is concentrated in 12-16 cm,accounting for 69.44% of the total,and trees with a diameter of 14 cm account for the maximum ratio is 25.29%.Combining the principles of landscape forest hierarchy and tree species composition,the road landscape forest in Tai'an City mainly includes three categories: multi-layer forest belts,single-layer forest belts and open forest belts.(2)Analysis of Environment-friendly functions of typical configuration modes The multi-layer coniferous and broad mixed configuration mode is generally superior to other configuration modes in terms of Environment-friendly functions such as landscape,ecology and society.From the perspective of landscape function,there is no significant difference in species diversity among the configuration modes,but the landscape quality of the multi-layer mixed mode is better than other modes.In terms of overall green perception,the green vision rate of the multi-layer broad-leaved model is 58.89%,which is significantly better than other models,while the green vision rate of the multi-layer coniferous and broad-leaved mixed model with densely planted conifers is the lowest,only 23.45%.In addition,the multi-layer coniferous and broad mixed mode is superior to other modes in terms of adjusting microclimate,reducing noise,and fixing carbon and releasing oxygen,but its ability to absorb fine particles is lower than other modes.As far as social functions are concerned,the maintenance cost of each model has little difference,ranging from 2250.00-2261.02 yuan/year.The service function is affected by factors such as recreational equipment construction and construction planning choices.The single-layer broad-leaved model with multiple recreational facilities scores 4,and its recreational value is higher than that of the open model with a unified planting Ginkgo biloba score of only 1.(3)Evaluation of Environment-friendly of road landscape forests in typical configuration models This study has established a comprehensive evaluation system with the main indicators of landscape Environment-friendly,ecological Environment-friendly and social Environment-friendly.The evaluation results show that the configuration mode with the highest Environment-friendly is a multi-layer coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest belt with front arbor and rear irrigation,with a comprehensive evaluation value of 0.482;the lowest Environment-friendly is a single-layer broad-leaved mixed forest belt with a comprehensive evaluation value of 0.328.In terms of different Environment-friendly functions,the diversification of plant species,the better overall landscape of the forest belt,and the clear seasonal color of the mixed coniferous and broad-layered and open-type landscapes are more Environment-friendly,with scores of 0.155 and 0.125.The model with complex hierarchical structure,tight arbor-shrub-grass structure,and reasonable coniferous and broad tree species configuration has a better eco-Environment-friendly,with a score of 0.387.The landscape forest belt with reasonable setting of recreational facilities and less vulnerable and allergenic trees has a better social and Environment-friendly,with a score of 0.64.(4)The optimal configuration mode of Environment-friendly road landscape forests Different configuration modes of road landscape forests have large differences,which are related to factors such as plant species and collocation methods.Based on the above evaluation results,three Environment-friendly road landscape forest models are proposed to meet different requirements:(1)With landscape functions as the core,Ginkgo biloba,Prunus Cerasifera,Malus spectabilis and other colorful leaf tree species mixed Mainly,with 1-2 kinds of coniferous species,the ratio of native tree species is more than 80%,the mixed pattern of arbor and broadleaf coniferous and broad-leaf mixed before irrigation and after;(2)The ecological function is the core,the mixed dominant tree species such as Koelreuteria paniculata and Cedrus deodara,the proportion of native tree species is more than 85%,accompanied by a multi-layer coniferous and broad-leaved mixed pattern of colorful flowering shrubs before and after shrubs;(3)With social services as the core,Ginkgo biloba,Platanus orientalis and other tall trees are mainly mixed.An open pattern with a wide forest belt combining a variety of shrubs and grasses with recreation. |
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