| Mineral elements play important role in the maintaining of body health,tea drink is a source of mineral nutrition.Tea germplasms are the basis of cultivar improvement and new product development,digging and cultivating tea cultivars with strong beneficial mineral elements enrichment ability and high mineral nutrition efficiency is an effective way of meeting the consumers’needs of tea product with high nutrition and healthy value.In this study,the content of five macro elements and 13 micro elements in 93 tea germplasms and flower of 23 tea germplasms was determined,the content level and distribution law of mineral elements in shoots and flower of the tea germplasms was analyzed,the correlation of the contents of mineral elements was discussed,and cluster analysis and principle component analysis were conducted,aiming to prove the content characteristic of mineral elements in tea germplasms,and to provide evidence for excellent germplasm screening,development and utilization of tea germplasms and variety innovation of tea plant.The main results are as follows:1.Content characteristic and distribution law of mineral elements in tea germplasms.（1）The content of different mineral elements in different tea germplasms was difference.The content of macro elements was ranked in the following sequence:K>P>S>Ca>Mg,the content of K was in the range of 6411.33～15333.33 mg·kg-1(average 9616.36 mg·kg-1),the content of P was in the range of 1351.69～3948.35 mg·kg-1(average 2788.55 mg·kg-1),the content of S was in the range of 607.45～1954.45 mg·kg-1(average1422.75 mg·kg-1),the content of Ca was in the range of 451.11～1582.44mg·kg-1(average 966.98 mg·kg-1),the content of Mg was in the range of505.91～1537.05 mg·kg-1(average 922.42 mg·kg-1);the content of 13 micro elements was ranked as following sequence:Mn>Al>Fe>Na>Zn>Cu>Ba>B>Ti>Ni>Cr>Co>Se.The coefficient of variation of the 5 macro elements ranged from 16.34%to 19.83%,which was ranked in the following sequence:Ca>S>Mg>K>P,the genetic diversity index ranged from 1.85 to 2.04,which was ranked in the following sequence:S>K>P>Ca>Mg;the coefficient of variation of the 13 microelements ranged from 20.51%to 70.60%,which was ranked in the following sequence:Ti>Fe>Co>Al>Ba>Na>Ni>Cr>B>Se>Mn>Cu>Zn;the genetic diversity index ranged from 1.59 to 2.13,which was ranked in the following sequence:Mn>Se>Na>B>Zn>Cu>Al>Ni>Ba>Co>Cr>Fe>Ti.The contents of Ca,P,S,B,Mn,Se and Zn showed normal distribution while the contents of K,Mg,Al,Ba,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Na,Ni and Ti showed positive skewness distribution.（2）The content of Ca and Cu in the small arbor type was higher than that of in the shrub type,the content of other 16 mineral elements in the small arbor type and the shrub type was similar.The average coefficient of variation of the 5 macro elements showed as small arbor type（18.46%）>shrub type（16.64%）,the average coefficient of variation of the5 macro elements showed as shrub type（37.79%）>small arbor type（33.55%）,which indicated that the variation of the content macro elements in the small arbor type was more abundant than that of the shrub type,the variation of the content of microelements in the shrub type was more abundant than that in the small arbor type.（3）The content of Se in the large leaf type was higher than that of in the small leaf type,both of which were similar to that in the medium leaf type;the contents of other 17 mineral elements in the 3 different types was similar.The average coefficient of variation of the 5 macro elements showed as small large leaf type（20.74%）>medium leaf type（17.42%）>small leaf type（13.07%）,the average coefficient of variation of the 13 micro elements showed as large leaf type（41.44%）>medium leaf type（35.43%）>small leaf type（27.94%）,which indicated that the variation of the contents of mineral elements in the large leaf type was more abundant than that of medium leaf type and small leaf type.2.The correlation analysis based on the content of mineral elements.There was a positive correlation between Ca and Mg,K and Mg,P,S,Mg and S,P and S（P<0.01）among the macro elements,and there was a positive correlation between Al and B,Ba,Cr,Cu,Fe,Mn,Ti,B and Cu,Fe,Mn,Se,Co and Mn,Cr and Cu,Fe,Ti,,Cu and Fe,Mn,Na,Ni,Se,Ti,Zn,Fe and Mn,Na,Ti,Mn and Ni,Se,Ti（P<0.01）among the micro elements,which demonstrated that there was a complex collaborative accumulation effect among the mineral elements in the tea germplasms.3.Cluster analysis and principle component analysis based on the content of mineral elements.（1）The cluster analysis based on the content of 5 macro elements divided the 93 tea germplasms into 4 types.The first type contains high content of K,P,Mg S,and relatively higher content of Ca,which has a strong enrichment ability of macro elements,and can be used as good materials in the quality breeding;the second type contains high content of Ca,relatively higher content of Mg,and low contents of K,P,S;the third and the forth types contain low content of mineral elements.3 principal components were attributed from 5 macro elements traits,which covered86.08%message of 5 kinds of macro mineral elements.The top ten tea germplasms for synthesis scores were followed by the order of‘Zhilanxiang’,‘Yunkang 10’,‘Tieguanyin’,‘Huangdan’,‘Zhenong 113’,‘Zijuan’,‘Mingshanbaihao 131’,‘Benshan’,‘Longjing 43’and‘Biyun’,in which‘Zhilanxiang’,‘Yunkang 10’,‘Zhenong 113’,‘Benshan’and‘Biyun’showed high enrichment ability of K,and‘Yunkang 10’and‘Mingshanbaihao 131’showed high enrichment ability of P.（2）The cluster analysis based on the content of 13 micro elements divided the 93 tea germplasms into 4 types.The first type contains high content of Cr,Fe,Ti,A,and B,P,and relatively higher content of Na and Zn,which has a strong enrichment ability of micro elements;the second type contains high content of Co,Mn,Se,higher content of Al and B,in which‘Jianghuakucha’,‘Anhui 3’and‘Tieguanyin’showed high enrichment ability of Se;the third contains low content of micro mineral elements,the forth type contains high content of Na and Zn,low contents of other elements.7 principal components were attributed from 13 micro elements traits,which covered 87.31%message of 13 kinds of micro mineral elements.The top ten tea germplasms for synthesis scores were followed by the order of‘Huangshanzhong’,‘Xiangfeicui’,‘Benshan’,‘Echa 5’,‘Jianghuakucha’,‘Yunkang 10’,‘Zaobaijian 5’,‘Zhenong 121’,‘Zhilanxiang’and‘Tieguanyin’.4.The content characteristic and comprehensive of mineral elements in the flower of tea germplasms.（1）The content of macro elements in the flower of tea germplasms was ranked in the following sequence:K>Ca>P>Mg>S,the content of K was in the range of 5614.87～10169.54 mg·kg-1(average 8139.44 mg·kg-1),the content of Ca was in the range of 1148.81～2600.14 mg·kg-1(average1727.96 mg·kg-1),the content of P was in the range of 686.00～1300.50mg·kg-1(average 1011.08 mg·kg-1),the content of Mg was in the range of560.02～1013.86 mg·kg-1(average 794.35 mg·kg-1),the content of S was in the range of 132.26～208.41 mg·kg-1(average 172.83 mg·kg-1);the coefficient of variation of the 5 macro elements ranged from 11.86%to19.29%,which was ranked in the following sequence:Ca>Mg>P>K>S,the genetic diversity index ranged from 1.19 to 2.19,which was ranked in the following sequence:S>Mg>P>K>Ca.（2）The content of micro elements was ranked as following sequence:Mn>Al>B>Ba>Fe>Na>Zn>Cu>Ti>Ni>Cr>Se>Co,the coefficient of variation of the 13 microelements was ranked in the following sequence:Ni>B>Co>Cr>Ba>Ti>Fe>Al>Zn>Cu>Na>Mn>Se,the genetic diversity index was ranked in the following sequence:which was ranked in the following sequence:Ba>B>Ti=Al>Cr>Cu>Mn>Na>Zn>Co>Fe>Se>Ni.5.Analysis of difference of mineral elements content in the shoots and flower of tea germplasms.The results of comparative analysis of mineral elements content in the shoots and flower of tea germplasms demonstrated that the content of 5macro elements in the shoots and flower was ranked as the sequence of K>P>S>Ca>Mg and K>Ca>P>Mg>S,respectively.The content of K,P,S,Mg in the shoots was higher than that of in the flower,while the content of Ca in the flower was higher than that of in the shoots.The content of 13micro elements in the shoots and flower was ranked as the sequence of Mn>Al>Fe>Na>Zn>Cu>Ba>B>Ti>Ni>Cr>Co>Se and Mn>Al>B>Fe>Ba>Na>Zn>Cu>Ti>Ni>Cr>Se>Co,respectively.The content of Al,Zn,Cu,Ni and Cr in the shoots was higher than that of in the flower,while the content of Mn,Ba,B,Se in the flower was higher than that of in the shoots,the content of Fe,Na,Ti,and Co in the shoots and flower was similar. |
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