Impacts Of Grassland Transfer On Livestock Production And Income

Grassland is the basic means of production for the survival and development of herdsmen and it's also an important guarantee for herdsmen's production and life.After animal husbandry began to implement settled grazing,with the increase of population,the grassland was becoming more finely fragmented.Therefore,grassland transfer has become the product of the development of pastoral productivity to a certain stage.Grassland transfer can redeploy resources and improve the utilization efficiency of grassland.The No.1 Central Document of 2018 proposed to actively promote largescale operation of animal husbandry and improve supply-side structural reform of animal husbandry.It can be seen that expanding animal husbandry operation through grassland transfer is an important direction for the development of animal husbandry in China.This study took Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as the research area,and selected 432 herdsmen from Qinghai and Gansu provinces to conduct field research,Finally,387 valid questionnaires were obtained.Then using the micro-data at the herdsmen's level to construct Logit?Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA)and other econometric models,quantitatively analyzed the main influencing factors of grassland transfer and the influence of grassland transfer on livestock production and herdsmen's income in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The results show that:(1)There are 118 transferred-in herdsmen in the research area,with an average area of 1057 mu,accounting for 52.57% of the average area of the contracted grassland,and 37 transferred-out herdsmen,with an average area of 990 mu,accounting for 67.99% of the average area of the contracted grassland.Moreover,there are many problems in the process of grassland transfer.The survey shows that 78.06% of the transfer households have not signed the contract,the transfer is quite random.Besides,there is no stable price standard,85.81% of the grassland transfer price is lower than 50 yuan/mu,and the transfer price is generally lower.Furthermore,the transfer period is short,70.32% of the grassland transfer period being 1 year.(2)There is a significant negative correlation between the transferred-in behavior and the age of the head of the household,the contracted area of the grassland,joint household of grassland,and the proportion of the migrant workers income in the family income,and a significant positive correlation with the amount of livestock.Besides,there is a significant positive correlation between the transferred-out behavior and the contracted area of the grassland and joint household of grassland.Among the regional variable,there is no significant difference between Qinghai province and Gansu province in the possibility of transferring in grassland,and the probability of transferring out grassland of Qinghai province is 23.82% lower than Gansu province.(3)The transferred-in behavior significantly improved the livestock production efficiency,and according to the classification of technical efficiency of the different transfer conditions,the overall technical efficiency in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was relatively low,but the technical efficiency of transferred-in herdsmen and transferredout herdsmen were significantly higher than who did not participate in the transfer,therefore grassland transfer improved the overall technical efficiency of herdsmen.(4)The transferred-in behavior promoted the improvement of livestock income,Compared with the herdsmen who did not participate in the transfer,the livestock income of the herdsmen who transferred in the grassland increased by 42.5% on average,thus increased the total income.The transferred-out behavior reduced the livestock income of the herdsmen,but the rental income made up for the loss of livestock income after the grassland was transferred out.Overall,both the transferred-in behavior and transferred-out behavior had the effect of increasing farmers' income.Based on the above research results,this paper proposes the following suggestions :(1)Giving full play to the advantages of local resources in the QinghaiTibet Plateau,promote the development of secondary and tertiary industries in pastoral areas,provide more jobs for herdsmen nearby,and promote the transfer of idle labor.(2)Establishing vocational skills training organizations,conduct technical training for herdsmen,introduce advanced technologies to help them improve production efficiency after transferring in grassland,and provide relevant employment skills guidance to the transferred-out herdsmen to improve their non-animal husbandry employment income.(3)Establishing some grassland transfer intermediary organizations to provide supply and demand information and other services timely for both sides of the grassland transfer.(4)Formulating reasonable grassland transfer procedures and methods to standardize transfer behavior.(5)Improving relevant laws and regulations,and strengthen supervision in the grassland transfer process.