| Wheat?Triticum aestivum L.?is a vital staple food worldwide,28%of the world's edible dry matter and up to 60%of daily calories in developing countries are provided by wheat.Demand for food is expected to double by 2050 in addition to an increasing demand for high quality food for a healthy diet nutrition.Therefore,a rapid increase in wheat demand is also predicted globally.Wide precise sowing?Wps?is a sowing method believed to produce the highest winter wheat grain yields;however,the reasons for its high yields and its effect on quality traits have not been effectively studied.Hence,a two-year field experiment was conducted in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019cropping seasons at Doukou Wheat and Maize Demonstration Research Station to assess the combined effect of sowing methods dibbling?Db?,drilling?Dr?,and wide precise sowing?Wps?and seed rates(112.5 kg·ha-1,150 kg·ha-1,187.5 kg·ha-1,and 225 kg·ha-1)on the quality features and yield of winter wheat.The experiment used a split-plot design with three replications and experimental data were analyzed by Analysis of variance using SPSS 24.0.Results showed that the second cropping season outperformed the first cropping season in mainly measured parameters.Sowing methods did not have much effect on yield and quality traits as seed rates did.Wps,Dr,Db had 7200 kg·ha-1,7488.89 kg·ha-1 and 7200 kg·ha-1 of grain yield respectively which did not differ in a statistically significant way.The grain yield increased significantly with the increasing rate,the highest being 7488.89 kg·ha-1 at a seed rate of 225 kg·ha-1.The total protein,albumin,and globulin were not affected by the sowing methods,but prolamin and glutelin were affected by the Dr and Wps,respectively.Total protein and protein fractions?Albumin,Globulin,Prolamin and glutelin?ranged from13.35%-15.24%,from 1.95%-2.98%,1.02%-2.03%,3.05%-5.13%,5.19%-6.93%respectively.Total starch in both years,amylose and amylopectin in first year was affected by only seed rate with 60.11%,23.2%,38.63%higher values,respectively.Second cropping season had almost 2times sedimentation values compared to the first cropping season,53.84 ml being the highest value.A general decrease in sedimentation values as seed rate increase were observed.The results of the current study generally noted the positive association between wet gluten and the sedimentation value of the second season with the decreasing seed rate;In this investigation,the test weight ranged from 762–799 g L-1,which is in agreement with the standard test weight.The results indicated that for the wheat yield and quality traits,Wps,Dr and Db can mostly be used interchangeably.For the mainly measured parameters?total protein,starch and grain yield?the suitable seed rates were 112.5 kg·ha-1,150 kg·ha-1,and 225 kg·ha-1,respectively. |
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