Preparation Of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 From Panax Notoginseng Stems And Leaves And Its Liver Protective Effect

Panax notoginseng,the dried root of the araliaceae panax plants Panax notoginseng,is a rare traditional Chinese herbs mainly produced in Yunnan,Guangxi and other ethnic minority areas.Which has the functions of removing blood stasis,detumescence and analgesic hemostatic anti-inflammatory,antitumor and antioxidant.A lot of parts of Panax notoginseng,from the main root to the flowers,can be used as medicine,which are rich in resources,easy to access.The main active components of Panax notoginseng are saponin compounds,tetracyclic triterpenoids of dammarane type dammarane tetracyclic terpene.The components in Panax notoginseng are different between leaves and roots,as leaves and stems contain no original ginseng three alcohol type saponins but only Panax notoginseng protopanaxadiol type saponins.At present,more than 70 kinds of saponins with biological activities have been obtained.Ginsenoside Rg3 is a rare saponin presen,which has the same kind of isomer in nature,20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 and 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3.These two configurations have great differences in physical and chemical properties and biological activities.Compared to 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3,20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 has less content and stronger pharmacological activity,which has many biological activities,such as anti fatigue,enhancing immunity,anti inflammation,anti thrombosis,inhibiting the infiltration of many kinds of cancer cells and so on.Ginsenoside is hard to be absorbed by the human body,while the secondary saponin,with high utilization value,is more easily absorbed by the human body.However,because of the low content and highly difficult of separate,it is usually prepared by acid hydrolysis,alkali degradation or enzyme degradation.Therefore,it is necessary to establish an efficient and stable method for the preparation of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3.In this paper,20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 was prepared by the method of acid hydrolysis from Panax notoginseng leaf saponins.The optimum process conditions were optimized: Glacial acetic acid concentration 30%,material liquid ratio 1: 20,hydrolysis time 4h.Firstly,a certain amount of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 was prepared by the optimum conditions.After the separation by silica gel column chromatography,a pure 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 was obtained.The obtained products were detected by HPLC and HPLC-MS,and the purity was >98%.It can provide a theoretical reference for the production of this kind of substance.The protective effect of hydrolysate on liver in mice was discussed with acute liver injury induced by APAP.Experimental results showed that the hydrolysis product of high or low dose groups can reduce the liver index of mice in different degrees and the activity of liver marker enzymes in serum(ALT,AST),increase non enzymatic antioxidants(GSH)and the activity antioxidant enzymes(SOD,CAT).Histopathological examination confirmed that 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 can alter the circulatory system and the defense system of the liver.Therefore,we suggest that the protective effect of the hydrolysate may be due to its antioxidant capacity.