A Study On The Long-Shu Road In The Han-Wei Period

The Long-Shu Road consists of the Qishan Road and the Yinping Road,with main and branch lines,also includes water route and land route,the two types of traffic,it is an ancient traffic line,distributed in the south of Gansu province,the north of Sichuan province and the southwest of Shaanxi province today.Long-shu Road was formed by the flow of the population in the pre-Qin period,due to the great restrictions of the natural environment on the slow development.In the Han-Wei period,under the influence of political change and economic development,the Long-Shu Road traffic development rapidly,along the mountains and rivers,formed a number of lines,such as Qishan Road,the main of Yinping Road and the shortcut of Yinping Road,these roads communicate with Longyou,Hanzhong,Bashu areas,and connected with the Silk Road,the Tea Horse Road and the Sichuan-Shaanxi Road,became the channel connected to the northwest and southwest.The development of the Long-Shu Road traffic had a profound impact on the political economy along the area.This paper first define the concept of the along area of the Long-Shu Road,and analyze the administrative construction changes along the area of the Long-Shu Road in the Han-Wei period.In addition,the war is an important driving force to promote political change,Therefore,this paper take the war between the regime of the Eastern Han dynasty and Kuixiao,GongSunshu,as well as the war between the Wei and Shu in the Three Kingdom Period as two examples,study on the traffic condition of the Long-Shu Road in the context of war.Studies have shown that in the strategic location of the Long-Shu Road not only not destroyed by the war,but because of the demand of the military operations for road traffic,it was built or repaired regularly.In the Han-Wei period,the national population appeared the first substantial growth in the history,except for the loss of population during the war,the improvement of road traffic also accelerated the flow of people at the same time,therefore,the population along the Long-Shu Road maintained growth on the whole,and formed a stable human resources.In the Han Dynasty,the mode of agricultural production along the Long-Shu Road,from the small peasant economy gradually developed to country estate operation,at the same time,the formation of the city and the development of business contributed to the rise of wealthy businessmen,however,under the influence of farmland thought and country estate operation model,the wealthy businessmen gradually weakened,and merged with the landlord class eventually.In the three Kingdomperiod,soldiers and peasants carried out the garrison and the agricultural production because of the war,also continued making brocade,smelting iron,producing salt,these handicrafts were representatives of the handicraft production at that time,people also carried out official or private small-scale trade in the border area.Agricultural,handicrafts and commerce show different development characteristics in different period under the intervention of different national polities and social needs,economic development and the social changes caused by it also promote the development of road traffic to a certain degree.In short,once the road is formed,it has strong stability,but in a specific time background and development period,it also changes.On the one hand,the formation and the development of the Long-Shu Road affected the political economy of the along area,on the other hand,the situation of the political,economic and social development along the Long-Shu Road area also reflected the road traffic changes in the Han-Wei period.There is a close interaction between the road and it areas.