A Preliminary Study On The Stage Characteristics And Distribution Of The Excavated Celadon Wares Of The Yaozhou Kiln From The Five Dynasties To The Yuan Dynasty In China

Yaozhou kiln at Tongchuan City in Shaanxi province is the most continuous and influential kiln that produced celadon wares in northern China.In this paper,we have collected the excavated celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln from the Five Dynasties to the Yuan Dynasty in China.According the previous,the history of the excavated celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln is divided into five periods that are the Five dynasties,the early northern song dynasty,the middle and late of northern Song dynasty to early Jin dynasty,the middle and late of Jin dynasty and the Mongol-Yuan period.The paper is divided into two parts.The first half of the paper is to divide the excavated celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln into five periods,and then classify each period of the excavated celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln table to the classification of the of the yaozhou kiln.This is not only the screening and sorting of the yaozhou kiln celadon,but also the process of mining and displaying the materials.And summarize the characteristics of the yaozhou kiln.The second half of the paper is the focus of this paper.First,the location of the excavated celadon wares of Yaozhou kiln is marked on the map.And discusses the range,quantity,use class and transportation route of the excavated celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln.Based on the historical literature and other research results,we speculate the reasons for the change of the distribution of the excavated celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln.Finally,the following conclusions are drawn.During the five dynasties period,the distribution of the excavated celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln concentrate the surrounding area of the Liao Upper Capital and Yaozhou kiln.It is speculated that the porcelain products of Yao zhou kiln are very precious,and the excavations of the noble tombs of the liao dynasty are mainly the products of the central plains regime and the liao dynasty.In the early northern song dynasty,the celadon wares of Yaozhou kiln was mainly found in the northern region,and they were found in the tombs and the tower footings in liao dynasty.The khitan aristocracy and the mandarins are the user.The circulation route may be from theYao zhou kiln site to the capital city of the northern song dynasty,and then along the eastern foot of taihang mountain to enter the liao country.Another concentration area is mainly located in the songxia border area near the Yaozhou kiln site,which may be related to the trade between the two countries.The middle and late of northern song dynasty is the most extensive period of the distribution of the celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln.And promote the formation of yaozhou kiln system.The celadon wares of the Yaozhou kiln is seldom found in the liao.Because its the high cost of long-distance overland transportation is related to the loss of market competitiveness between the bluish white porcelain which is smuggled into the liao by sea route.On the other hand,Yaozhou kiln actively develops the new markets around the kiln site,Shandong area and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river.The author thinks that Shandong and Jiangsu and Zhejiang coastal ports should be Yaozhou kiln celadon exported overseas.In the middle and late jin dynasty,Yaozhou kiln celadon was sold to most of the Jin state,they are also found in the Southern Song dynasty and the Western Xia.Yaozhou kiln celadon is mainly used as consumer porcelain,and some of the fine products are also buried withthe nobles and officials of the jin dynasty.The majority of the cellars in surrounding area of the kiln site and the Sichuan basin contain Yaozhou celadon,which is related to the Mongolian inking and the occupation of sichuan and other historical events.In the Mongol-Yuan period,the range of the distribution of the excavated celadon wares of the Yaozhou Kiln shrank greatly.The Yaozhou kiln celadon,which was caused by technology loss,became rude.The Yaozhou kiln celadon also lost its competitive advantage with the Longquan kiln,the Jingdezhen kiln and other imported porcelain in the local market.In the end,the Yaozhou kiln celadon dropp out of the history stage.