Research On Decorative Sculptures Of Red-brick Residential Buildings In Southern Fujian Province

Residential buildings in ancient China like settled building and nest building in the primitive society have been the basic characteristics of China's traditional architecture.During the period from the slave society to feudal society,Yingzao Fashi complied in the Song Dynasty has seen unprecedented prosperity and development in Ming and Qing Dynasties since it has contributed to the uniformly standard architectural principles of China and matured and perfected the wooden structural architecture system of residential buildings in ancient China.In Chinese history,southern Fujian province belonged to the immigrant society and was the main region where the Han people in the central plains of China immigrated.In the meantime,it was also the starting point of "Sea Silk Road",deeply influenced by ancient Chinese culture of the central plains of China and overseas culture.Through long-term historical evolution,it has been infused with many regional characteristics while the ancient China's residential culture has been preserved in the course of collision and fusion of culture of the Central Plains,regional culture and marine culture,shaping unique architectural language and type of red-brick residential buildings in southern Fujian.Red-brick residential buildings in southern Fujian are mainly distributed in suburbs and surrounding villages of Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou and so forth.Although these buildings are largely identical with minor differences in architectural style,they also have their own distinctive features.And the red-brick residential buildings in Xiamen are also provided with lots of brick,wood and stone carving decorations besides red bricks and tiles.In Chinese feudal society,typical rural life pattern mainly includes worship ceremony,education and home furnishing.And Lin Tong Villa located at Haicang District of Xiamen has not only had a variety of decorative sculptures,but had triune life style,a typical example of red-brick residential buildings in southern Fujian.Lin Tong Villa,a carrier of red brick culture of southern Fujian,has delivered rich humanistic connotations with its exquisite decorative sculptures and typically presented cultural characteristics of southern Fujian.With the decorative sculptures of Lin Tong Villa as the research object and main part,the paper is intended to get a comprehensive understanding and make an in-depth investigation of architectural style and historical origin of Lin Tong Villa as well as existing environment,themes,implications,technological type,performance techniques,aesthetic characteristics and cultural implications of the decorative sculptures,and to summarize artistic characteristics of decorative sculptures of red-brick residential buildings in southern Fujian through field investigation,literature survey,cross-disciplinary comprehensive research method and the method of consulting monographs,local journals and in-kind shooting related to decorative sculptures of traditional residential buildings in China and southern Fujian.The research on decorative sculptures of red-brick residential buildings in southern Fujian in this paper is divided into six parts.Part ? is about the introduction,which defines the research object and research category,gives an overview of research status and trends,sets forth research objectives and methods and elaborate on research significance.Part ? is about architectural style,distribution of sculptures,social environment,natural environment,humanistic environment,technical factors and so forth of Lin Tong Villa.Part ?,? and ? introduce themes,implications,technological type,performance techniques,aesthetic characteristics and cultural implications of decorative sculptures of Lin Tong Villa respectively.And Part VI concludes and summarizes artistic characteristics of decorative sculptures of red-brick residential buildings in southern Fujian.The research on red-brick residential buildings in southern Fujian in this paper will make modest contributions to academic development of research on Sea Silk Road under China's new strategic concept "One Belt and One Road" initiative and provide a reference for study of culture of southern Fujian as well as theoretical basis and academic support for decorative sculptures of red-brick residential buildings in southern Fujian province.