A Study Of Political Transition In Egypt During The Sadat Period

Since the Napoleon invasion and Mohamed Ali opened a slow reform in Egypt started the process of modernization,to Nasser and Sadat changes in Egypt political,social and economic fields period rapidly,especially in the Sadat period ended Nasser established a totalitarian system,the multi-party system reform to promote the transition of political democracy in Egypt.This paper is mainly divided into three parts to study the political transition of Sadat period in Egypt.The first part is the introduction,mainly elaborates the topic selection basis,summarizes the related research results at home and abroad,the theoretical and practical significance of the paper,as well as the research methods and innovation.The second part is the body part of the thesis,with four chapters.The first chapter is the main feature and operation logic analysis of Nasser regime,including the fact that the party and the military government to state-owned enterprises as the control tools of the planned economy,is to explore the foundation of the political transition in Sadat period.In view of the highly centralized political system in Egypt at that time,the role of Sadat's personal will in the process of transformation is very important,so it also needs to examine his own life experience,character characteristics and career record.The second chapter is based on the long period theory of the school of Yearbook and the discussion of the internal power of the political transition in Sadat period in Egypt under the framework of "structure situation event";Sadat implements the "open policy" after stabilizing the political situation,which leads to new social problems while promoting great economic development;The brotherhood,represented by the religious forces and other social groups,constantly contends for the expansion of political participation.The third chapter mainly describes the political change of the Sadat government,especially the specific process of its limited multiparty system reform and the conservative political reform of Sadat during the emergence of social conflict.The fourth chapter discusses the gains and losses of Sadat's political transformation.In the course of Sadat's administration,Egypt made a considerable reform in the economic,political and diplomatic fields,releasing the vitality of the society,which were left to his successor,Mubarak,as a legacy of the reform.From the point of view of the system construction,Sadat's destruction of the old system is far greater than the establishment of the new system,and the direction of its reform is in line with the trend of the process of political modernization in Egypt,thus showing the characteristics of transition and transitional.The third part is the concluding part of the paper.As the economic and political level of change goes beyond the capacity of the society,and the corruption that is difficult to avoid in transition exacerbates the social turmoil in Sadat's later period.At the same time,the social and economic conditions of Egypt and the limitations of Sadat's own cognitive ability made the political transformation lack of political participation and political system construction.