| Objective: The characteristics of this study are to take the personality characteristics of the subjects into account,to distinguish and explore the effects of different personality characteristics on the physiological and cognitive memory of individuals,and to obtain physiological indicators by biofeedback instrument.The purpose of the study is to explore under what physiological conditions cognition is the best level of working memory and can provide a reference for people with different personalities to listen to what kind of music they can listen to at work and study.Select the music which can relieve the pressure and improve the working efficiency.Methods: In this study,Eysenck Personality questionnaire(Eysenck Personality questionnaire)was used to evaluate EPQ-RSC.Its internal and external personality was statistically distinguished.Finally,32 subjects were selected and divided into two groups.There were two types of background music in rock and the physiological indexes were recorded at the same time,and the SAM self-emotion rating scale was used to evaluate the arousal degree,the pleasurable degree and the control degree.Each of the subjects was in classical music,rock music,and rock music.Under three experimental conditions without music,0-back and 2-back working memory tasks were performed,and their reaction time and reaction accuracy were collected.To explore the influence of background music types on individual physiology and cognition(working memory)of introversion and extroversion personality.Results:Experiment 1:The study points out that 1.Under the condition of classical background music,The report score of the introverted group was significantly higher than that of the extroverted group in terms of pleasure(F=15.604,p<0.001);while the control score of the introverted group was significantly lower than that of the extroverted group(F=24.893,p<0.001).Under the background of rock music,the report score of the introverted group in arousal degree was significantly higher than that of theextroverted group(F=9.224,p=0.004);and the report score of the introverted group was significantly lower than that of the extroverted group in the report degree of pleasure(F=31.405,p<0.001).In terms of control,the report score of introverted group was significantly lower than that of extroverted group(F=6.602,p=0.013).2.There is no significant difference in the four physiological indexes between the internal and external subjects under the conditions of classical background music.(p >0.05).Under the background of rock music,there was no significant difference in respiratory frequency and electrical activity between introverted subjects and extroverts(p>0.05),but the heart rate of inward subjects was significantly higher than that of extroverted subjects(F=4.801,p=0.032);and the skin temperature of introverted subjects was significantly lower than that of extroverted subjects(F=4.354,p=0.041).The type of music and personality in the heart rate significantly.Experiment 2: The study points out that 1.When working memory task with low cognitive load,there was no significant difference between the correct rate of introverted group and extroverted group under the condition of no music.(F=0.172,p=0.680);while in classical music condition,there is no significant difference in accuracy rate between introverted group and extroverted group(F=0.746,p=0.391);and there was no significant difference between introverted group and extroverted group in accuracy rate under rock music condition(F=1.398,p=0.242).When working memory task was under high cognitive load,in the absence of musical conditions(F=0.004,p=0.948)and classical music conditions(F=0.678,p=0.414),there was no significant difference in accuracy between the two groups.But the correct rate of the introverted group was significantly lower than that of the extroverted group under the condition of rock music.Further analysis showed that the correct rate of the introverted group was less than that of the extroverted group(F=6.484,p=0.014).There was significant interaction between music types and introversion personality under 2-back task.2.There was no significant difference in response time between introverted group and extroverted group under low cognitive load working memory task(p > 0.05).The difference of response time between introverted group and extroverted group was notstatistically significant under the condition of no music(F=0.000,p=0.988)and classical music(F=0.561,p=0.457)when working memory task with high cognitive load.But the response time of introverted group was significantly higher than that of extroverted group under the condition of rock music(F=5.169,p=0.027).There was significant interaction between introversion and extroversion in the reaction of 0-back task.Conclusion:1.Compared with the extroverted group,the introverted group had higher level of pleasure and lower level of control in classical music.While that of introverted group under rock music condition is higher than that of extroverted group,and the level of pleasure and control is lower than that of extroverted group.2.There was no significant difference in the four physiological indexes between the introverts and the extroverts under the condition of classical background music.In the rock music background,there was no significant difference in the respiration frequency and the electrical value of the skin.The heart rate of introverted subjects was significantly higher than that of extroverted subjects,and the skin temperature was significantly lower than that of extroverted subjects.3.There was no significant difference in correct rate and response time between introverted group and extroverted group under low cognitive load working memory task.When working memory task with high cognitive load,the correct rate and reaction time of the two groups were significantly different under the condition of rock music.4.In classical music,the subjective emotional report of introverted group was more pleasant than that of extroverted group,but classical had no obvious influence on physiological indexes and working memory of extroverted individuals.Under the condition of rock music,introverted individuals' subjective emotional reports and physiological indicators reflected more intense negative emotions than extroverted individuals,working memory performance is not affected under low cognitive load,but the memory scores of introverted subjects were significantly lower than those of extroverted subjects under the condition of high cognitive load. |
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