The Cultural Study Of Confucianism,Buddhism,Taoism Space In Lanzhou City Of Qing Dynasty

The cultural research has positive effect on the related study of religion,cultural history,city social history in ancient China.This article adopts local chronicles,documents,newspapers,and various investigation,fieldworks,census of relics,interviews to know some information about religious sites and architectures,and then charts the number of places,sacrificial practices from documents.This method,combining the qualitative and the quantitative will illustrate the condition of religious relief in Lanzhou,Qing dynasty.This article introduces a brief history of the development of religious sites and architectures in Lanzhou from Sui,Tang dynasty to Ming,Qing dynasty.That can explain different construction style in different historical period.During the Qing dynasty,religious beliefs in the Lanzhou City and vicinities were very rich.Especially in the late,there were many newly built Buddhist temples,Taoist temples,and ancestral temples.There were more integrations between Taoism and folk beliefs,these presenting rich ideas of functional gods in popular belief.By the middle of the Qing dynasty,the basic pattern of religious sites in Lanzhou had been formed,and no large religious sites and buildings were built until the late Qing dynasty.In the Qing dynasty,the religious sites,buildings in Lanzhou had two groups,located in downtown,suburbs around mountains and streams.That difference reflected different needs and experiences.This article pays attention to the large Buddhist site “Three Temple” built in increased size and scope from the early Tang dynasty.In the early years,there were differences in layouts of “Three Temples”,such as structures between central tower style and traditional courtyard style,cultural concepts between minority regimes in West Region and central authorities.The Taoist site “Three Temple” were constructed from Song dynasty to Ming Qing dynasty.We can see that compared to Buddhist temples,the time of construction in Taoist temples were longer reflecting Ming dynasty's respect for Taoism and the people's needs of Taoist religious sites in Qing dynasty.The Confucian ritual building “Confucian Temple” was built from the end of Yuan dynasty to Ming Qing dynasty.The temples had a large number of affiliated buildings,including different kinds of memorial celebrity temples,ancestral temples.Since Qianlong period of Qing dynasty,Confucian temples had been built not only in the level of house but in the county,the same as Lanzhou.The ornaments of Lanzhou's ritual buildings,plaques,writings,frescoes,statues were rich in the past.We can only appreciate these vivid works through some old photographs reflecting ancient society.The frescoes in Jintian Temple and Town God's Temple are large and spectacular,depicting the stories of myths and legends.So these frescoes have influences on both decoration and publicity.A statue of Guanyu,sketched by Sven Hedin from outside the Lanzhou city also works now.Religious sites,buildings are closely linked to social lives.Almost classes of society advocate the construction and restoration of religious buildings.However,these religious buildings reflect people's common needs and special needs because of different social backgrounds.At the same time,it also exists some contradictions between into the society and out of the society.In general,religious places have three main roles,giving us comforts in heart,strengthening social proof,offering recreation and ceremony space.The study has further revealed the role,religious places in ancient cities in China,the interactions between the places and the classes in Lanzhou.It has realistic significance to publicize Lanzhou's historical culture.