The Analysis Of John Locke's The Human Rights

John Locke,one of the most important philosopher of British empiricism in the 17 th century,is a founder of the modern western human rights thought which made profound impacts on the history of western human rights and the development of the western political system.The article attempts to back to the beginning of the birth of Locke`s thought of human rights,tracing the origin and the development of human rights.Fully reviewing Locke's thought,the article attempts to reconstruct Locke's thought of human rights Locke's and put forward to the constructive suggestions for the development of Chinese human rights thought.In the 17 th century,Britain is repeatedly turbulence.The fights between monarchy and parliament intensively reflect contradiction of each class`s interests in Britain and also reflect the fights between Tory party supporting kingship power and whig limiting the power.As a theorist belonging to whig,Locke influenced by empirical philosophy and natural law thoughts,writing Two Treatises of Government to promote the rights of the individual and a constitutional monarchy.First,the paper mainly discusses the human rights thought of Locke's hypothesis on the theory of the state of nature,including rights of life,property,freedom and equality.Life right points out with natural law that human beings` life governed by god,escaping from any organization or individual.Human should perform their defensive duties.Locke emphasized and protected private property because property rights are basic rights.Freedom right is the freedom under the government management,proscribed unlawful detention or deprivation citizen`s freedom.Locke emphasized that all are created equal and there is no subordinative and constrained relations.Second,the paper expounds the reflection of Locke's thought of human rights in the political system.In the political society,each person should give their natural power to national,and state organs will punish the one who infringe people`s natural rightsaccording to law.The analysis of the nature and the relationship of rights in legislative power,executive power,external power and so on to explain the country's political system how to protect human beings` rights.Finally,this paper discusses the influence and enlightenments on later generations.Locke's thought of human rights has influences on the ideological history of human rights,western political society as well as Chinese human rights thought.More philosophers such as Rousseau,Montesquieu inherit and develop in different degree Locke's thought of human rights which has the function of theoretical guidance to revolutions in Britain,America and French and also has a profound inspiration to human rights protection and the political civilization construction in China.