Stirner's Individual Philosophy

The core content of Stirner's individual philosophy lies in the definition of "the ego" and its self-fulfillment.In “The Ego and Its Own”,Stirner fictitiously describes the modern individual as “the ego”and describes it as a person with a physical body to show the distinction with Christianity and the “abstract person”of liberalism and to highlight its uniqueness.The thesis begins with Stirner's resistance to universality and promoting individuality.The chapter in turn discusses the historical and cultural background of Stirner's individual philosophy,the main connotations of Stirner's individual philosophy,and the idealism of Stirner's individual philosophy with historical significance.The introduction part of the thesis mainly explains the source and significance of this topic,the domestic research status,and the logical order and innovation of this thesis.The first chapter of the thesis mainly summarizes the cultural background and theoretical origins of Stirner's individual thoughts.With the decline of Christian transcendental beliefs in the western world,people gradually shifted from the worship of “God” to their own lives in the perceptual world.At the same time,the social modernization brought about by the development of capitalism,it promoted the birth of modern individuals and further awakened people's deep self-consciousness.In addition,in the nineteenth century,the religious criticism of German philosophy was essentially a deduction of “self-consciousness” and showed more and more abstractness on the nature of human beings.It has been impossible to explain the differences and confrontational resistance of modern individuals.This series of historical and cultural backgrounds all call for the birth of a new individual philosophy.The second chapter of the thesis discusses the main content of Stirner's individual philosophy.On the basis of criticizing the abstractness of the Christian“god of man” and the liberal “kind man”,Stirner pointed out the uniqueness and creativity of the “the ego” of the modern individual,emphasizing that I was the owner of the "man" and owner of the world.Stirner's high attention to the issue of modern individual survival reflects his unique and positive aspects in his thinking.However,he examines all issues of man and history within the purely speculative logic,and shows a very false aspect of his thoughts.By revealing the nature of “the ego” and the fictional and imaginary self-realization,the thesis further explores the limitations of Stirner's individual philosophy.The third chapter of the thesis focuses on Marx's criticism of the essence of Stirner's idealist philosophy,and then discusses the multiple historical and cultural values of Stirner's individual philosophy.Marx's deep criticism of Stirner in “The German Ideology”reveals the mystery of “the ego”,uses the “realistic individual” to go beyond the theoretical limitations of the latter,that is,to define the essence of man from the perspective of empirical reality and to examine the basis and conditions for the existence and development of the individual.However,Stirner's individualphilosophy still has important historical significance.First,Stirner confronts nihilism earliest and he makes a preliminary attempt to overcome nihilism.Second,Stirner's has promoted people's concern for the sensible life through the deconstruction of metaphysics.Third,he inspires Nietzsche to establish Superman Philosophy,which opens the transition of modern philosophy of survival,and at the same time affects the development of existentialism and postmodern theory together with Nietzsche.