Study On The Spatial Distribution And Tourism Development Distribution Of Cultural Relics In Henan Based On GIS Technology

With the sustained and rapid development of tourism in our country,Heritage tourism has gradually become a new engine to drive the growth of tourism economy.Cultural relics as an important part of cultural heritage,domestic and foreign scholars have also been increasing their research.In the history of Henan Province,more than 20 orthodox dynasties built capital or moved capital to this area,leaving lots of cultural relics.This paper conducts a study of spatial distribution characteristics of cultural relics in Henan Province and their main influencing factors,also proposed the spatial pattern of tourism development of cultural relics.Taking Henan Province 1641 cultural relics protection units in national and provincial levels published by the State Council and the government of Henan province as the objects,using GIS spatial analysis technology,this paper makes a study on four aspects of the general characteristics of the spatial distribution of cultural relics,spatial buffer analysis based on different geographic elements,the historical period of cultural relics and the published batch of space distribution characteristics.The main conclusions are as follows:Through analysis,it is found that the spatial distribution of cultural relics in Henan Province has the following characteristics:(1)The cultural relics in Henan Province is a type of agglomeration distribution.The Cultural relics are widely distributed in space,but the distribution is asymmetric.They are concentrated in Zhumadian City,Xinyang City,Nanyang City,Jiaozuo City,Luoyang City and Zhengzhou City.The distribution of high density areas includes 7 large patch and 1large area.(2)The cultural relics are mainly distributed in Henan major rivers,the main railway,the main highway between 1km to 3km.(3)In the time distribution,the time span of the cultural relics is large,prehistoric and Pre-Qin period,the Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties is the most concentrated period of cultural relics.(4)The general trend of the center of gravity of cultural relics in the published batch is from west to East,then to the southwest,and finally to the northwest,and keeps away from the geometric center of Henan.The spatial distribution of cultural relics in Henan Province is influenced by a combination of factors,altitude,rivers,traffic,the spatial distribution of the ancient capital city,the level of social and economic development of the historical period are the main reasons for the spatial distribution of the cultural relics and historic sites.Based on the spatial distribution characteristics,this paper presents the overall pattern of spatial development of cultural relics and historic sites in Henan Province is “one axis and two cores and five areas”.“one axis” refers to the development axis of Zhengzhou,Luoyang,Kaifeng cultural relics tourism center;“two cores” refer to the two cores of cultural relics tourism development of Luoyang and Kaifeng;“five areas” refer to the tourism area of The Huaxia culture,the tourism area of The Shang culture,the tourism area of The prehistoric culture,the tourism area of The Chu and Han culture and the tourism area of The red culture.