Study On Funeral And Mutual Assistance Of Social Welfare In Dunhuang During Late Tang And Five Dynasties

Dunhuang priests appeared in the Han dynasty and went through the process of prohibition and recognition during the Tang dynasty.During the late Tang and the Five Dynasties,the Dunhuang priests flourished.The funeral and mutual assistance activities in the actual life of Dunhuang residents were most affected by the performances of social clubs,reposts and gifts.There are many reasons for the funeral and mutual assistance activities of Dunhuang social clubs: First,in the late Tang and Five Dynasties Dunhuang community was relatively stable and the population was prosperous,which was conducive to the stable development of the community;families changed frequently,and mutual help became possible,due to the influence of blood relations,The three states of mutual help,mutual affection,social assistance,and mutual assistance are present.The support and recognition of the rulers have made the development of the community smooth and legal.Second,the income of the residents in Dunhuang is low,and there is too little surplus property to be used.Dunhuang funeral expenses In addition,the income of a single family for more than half a year was completely incapable of personal commitment.Funeral and mutual help for associations became inevitable.Finally,the concept of Xiaoyi of Confucianism caused personal attention to funerals and the emergence of association and mutual assistance;the influence of filial piety in Buddhist teachings caused funerals.The procedures are more tedious and costly.The individual family cannot afford it.The Society's funeral and mutual assistance experience includes five kinds of procedures for joining clubs,social clubs,postings,gift calendars,and funeral forms.Most of the members entering the club are alone,and the main purpose of their participation in the community is to pursue the crime.The club rule is the highest criterion.It is decided by the staff of the whole society to discuss the issue together.The members are equal to each other and have the righteousness.From the moment when the member received the reprint,each member of the team had to work out something and receive the gift list as a gift.The effort included physical burial,spiritual grief,and the death of the person was feared.Fortunately,mutual help for funerals does not end with the burial of the deceased.The existence of sacrificial acts has enabled the funeral of the dead to continue until the community has ceased to exist,which reduces the economic burden on the people,develops social relations,and Confucianism.Ethics and the order of ruling have positive effects,but frequent social activities also increase the burden on the members.The establishment of triad names has caused severe polarization between the rich and the poor.The reasons,procedures,and influences of community funeral and mutual assistance in Dunhuang are helpful to get a glimpse of the actual life of the residents in the late Tang Dynasty and form a comprehensive macro framework,which provides a reference for the development of today's harmonious society in China.