The Development Of Memory And Metamemory For Faces Of Different Races

Own-race effect refers to that individuals show superior performance in identifying faces of their own race when compared with other-race faces.Meissner&Brigham(2001)to the meta analysis of related articles,discovered this phenomenon appeared in 80%of articles.But when faces in learning is emotional,this phenomenon is not stable,even completely opposite.In this study,we aim at the memory and metamemory of emotional faces.Experiment 1 verify the face of different emotions affect face memory and metamemory,experiment 2 discusses the emotional faces will affect own-race effect,the experiment 3 studied the development of memory and metamemory about emotional faces in three races.Experiment 1 examines the memory and metamemory performance of different emotional faces by using 3(face emotions:anger,joy,peace)x 2(metamemory monitoring types:JoL,JoC)within-group design;Experiment 2 examines how the face emotions affect the face memory performance of same race and other races,and the influence of face emotions affect own-race effect size by using 3(face emotions:anger,joy,peace)x 3(face racial:yellow,black,white)x 2(metamemory monitoring types:JoL,JoC)within-group design;Experiment 3 aimed at how the memory and metamemory monitoring of emotional faces develop with age increasing by using 4(subjects:elementary,middle school students,high school students,college students)x 3(face emotions:anger,joy,peace)x 2(metamemory monitoring types:JoL,JoC)x 3(face racial:yellow,black,white)within-group design.Get the following conclusion:(1)Face emotion affect face memory performance,but is associated with emotions.The memory performance for angry face is higher;happy and peace faces have no difference,but the happy faces of metamemory monitoring relatively higher accuracy.(2)When learning face is not only the native,the face emotion still affect memory for faces,and the effect differ in different race face.For the face of different races,the emotion affect memory differently.In metamemory monitoring,people think they remember faces with emotional color and other races better,more accurate judgment and the consistent with test results.(3)the development of face recognition abilities related to face emotions and race,the memory of other races mostly to the junior high school is up to the level of the adult,native faces at three lower grades are not up to the level of the adult.Face recognition ability has a significant development in high school to university.development regularity of different metamemory monitoring accuracy with age is not exactly the same,but the development between high school with college is common.