| The proto-porcelain is a kind of inter-temporal and intercultural ceramic relics,which is an important intermediate stage in the process of developing from ceramics to porcelain.Its origin,development and communication are directly related to the development of ceramics in China and cultural style and features of Xia,Shang and Zhou Dynasty,containing a very rich social information.And it is one of important issues in the archaeological,ceramic history and other areas and has a certain academic value.This paper have selected the proto-porcelain specimens excavated from the Shang and Zhou stratum in Mopanshan Site Langxi County,Anhui Province,as the main research objects.Combined with the pictures and text description,the porcelain-making crafts from aspects like the the materials,forming,dressing,firing,glazing situation and other aspects of information were recorded in detail and summed up by using the observation method,the experimental method and the statistical method.It also summed up the craftsmanship's characteristics of proto-porcelain from early,middle and late production process,and trying to compare with the body and glaze situation proto-porcelain specimens from Anhui,Zhejiang,Jiangxi,Shanghai and other places nearby,to explore the Shang and Zhou period Mopanshan Site and the surrounding site of the exchange of information further.This article is formed of four chapters.This article firstly elaborated the origin,development and controversy involved in this paper.Then,briefly introduced the background knowledge which comb through the academic context of proto-porcelain's making crafts of Shang and Zhou archaeology.According to the order of the time,the proto-porcelain material category,staging and chronology,places of origin identification and other aspects of the study.During Shang and Zhou Dynasty,some sites in the southeastern of Anhui including Langxi excavated proto-porcelain situation are sort out.Finally,showing the research methods adopted in this paper.Then observating the proto-porcelain and and glazed hard pottery specimens excavated in the Mopanshan Site.The first part summarized the location,natural and historical geographical environment,and excavation states quo.Then divided the proto-porcelain specimens into early,middle,later three periods according to the Shang and Zhou layers,and on this basis describe in detail from the quality of body,body color,body impurities,the thickness,glaze,glaze distribution,preservation respectively.Combining the remaining production trace like spiral traces,finger dents and ripple in proto-porcelain specimens to prove the characteristics of production process.The same studies were done to the glazed hard pottery.Finally,sum up the proto-porcelain fabrication process and its characteristics of Mopanshan Site.The experimental part.By detecting the chemical elements of some selected proto-porcelain,glazed hard pottery and printing hard pottery,and refer to test results of proto-porcelain excavated from the vicinity of some Shang and Zhou ruins and kiln sites for comparative analysis.We can see that the body of Mopanshan Site is typical high-silicon low-aluminum tire in southern of China,and the two kinds of glaze colors were associated with some of the reference samples.To elucidate their internal relations further,the Principal Component Analysis on the bodies and glazes was used.The results show that only a small part of the proto-porcelain are similar to the Deqing kiln site and the Wucheng ruins.However the analysis results about glaze show that there are differences between the Wucheng and Mopanshan Site.So it is speculated that during the early-mid-phase of Shang and Zhou dynasties,Mopanshan site may just exchange with some part of Deqing area.The last part is based on the analysis of the two chapters in front,and discussed some other related issues on the basis of the Mopanshan proto-porcelain.It talked about the proto-porcelain's technical achievements.Even though the three periods of the proto-porcelain making crafts in Mopanshan Site had not leap,more gentle progress happened in the molding,firing,glaze formula,etc.There were significant differences between it and the high-temperature hard pottery with glaze,printed hard pottery,they had split out already.The situation about the exchange between Mopanshan Site and sites around in the same period may goes like this:during the early and middle Period,there may be some existence of exchange between the parts of kiln sites in Deqing area and Mopanshan.This paper speculated the origin of proto-porcelain excavated in Mopanshan Site,which were mainly produced in an uncertain place nearby and just a few may come from Deqing area.Further studies are needed to confirm the specific origin.The conclusion summarizes the main research results of this paper. |
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