The Impact Of Language Ability Difference On Urban-rural Income Gap In China

It has long history of the income gap between urban and rural residents in China,and keeping the highest in the world,Therefore,it is of great significance to study the income gap between urban and rural areas in order to solve the serious problem of polarization between the rich and the poor to promote the common development of our country.There are some viewpoints about urban-rural income gap.The first view is the impact of human capital.It is believed that the difference of the knowledge and skills between the urban and rural labors leads to their income gap,the difference of knowledge and skills is caused by the inequality of urban and rural education.Therefore,the government should increase investment in rural education,improve the human capital stock in rural areas,so as to balance the structure of human capital in urban and rural areas.The second view is the impact of the system.For example,urban bias policy,financial support policy,the development of the labor market is not balance,the economy and resources can not be free flow configuration,the surplus labor force in rural areas can not be effectively absorbed by the town,and the rural workers lack the source of income,thus affecting the income gap between urban and rural areas.The third view is the impact of social security.The authors think that the imperfect social security system,especially the rural areas,social insurance,social welfare and so on,also leads to the income distribution gap.Based on the data of China comprehensive social survey(CGSS2006-2013)25 provinces in China,this paper studies the effect of the difference of language ability(Mandarin and English)between urban and rural laborers on the income gap between urban and rural areas.Language ability,as a kind of human capital,has an important influence on the wage income of workers.China is a big country language,although Mandarin popularization rate has reached 70%,However,there is still a gap between urban and rural workers' Mandarin level,the study found that the gap between urban and rural workers' Mandarin level has a positive impact on the urban-rural income gap,and the empirical results are significant.The gap between urban and rural workers' English level has a negative impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas,one possible reason is that workers' English proficiency does not play the desired role in their work.Then,we are studied of the east,middle and west regions.The results show that the mandarin level of gap between the urban and rural workers is the most significant impact to the urban-rural income gap in the central region;The English level of the gap between urban and rural workers have a significant negative impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas in eastern region,have a significant positive impact on the western region and the impact on the central region is not significant.Education has a great effect on the improvement of the English level of the residents.The improvement of the English level of the residents is mainly through the acquisition of education.We should make the appropriate foreign language education policy and attach importance to the cultivation of human capital.