The Research On Marcuse's Critical Theory Of One-dimension

Marcuse is in an era of rapid development of science and technology and drastic changes in human production and life style.People are immersed in the satisfaction of false needs,and lose the denial and criticism of social unreasonable phenomena and unfair system.On the basis of absorbing the previous thoughts,Marcuse exposed the essence of the developed industrial society and constructed the critical theory of one-dimension with rich connotations.The reasonable elements of Marcuse's critical theory of one-dimension can provide some references for the innovation and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.This article intends to elaborate on it from five chapters.The first part discusses the theoretical origin of Marcuse's critical theory of onedimension by expounding Marx's alienation theory,Freud's psychoanalysis and Horkheimer's critical theory of instrumental rationality.At the same time,this section describes the background of the formation of this idea by analyzing the reality of the alienation of labor and the integration of human needs with the whole capitalist society in modern capitalist society due to the use of big machines.The second part focuses on the definition and expression of one-dimension,criticizing the totalitarian characteristics of the developed industrial society,which does not allow opposite factions,opinions and dimensions to exist.This section analyses the realistic expression of one-dimension in modern capitalist society from the aspects of the elimination of political factions that endanger the rule of capitalist regime,the assimilation of proletarian lifestyle with bourgeoisie,the one-dimensional mode of thinking and behavior,and the elimination of critical and transcendental factors preserved in high-level culture,so as to grasp the theoretical connotation of Marcuse's critical theory of one-dimension more comprehensively.The third part analyses the origin of one-dimensional society from four aspects: ideology of science and technology,false demand,political domination and cultural integration,so as to find the way out of the oppressive world and realize freedom and liberation.In capitalist countries,the use of science and technology to manage has become a way and means of controlling people and nature in society,and science and technology has become an ideological tool.In order to digest the products it produces,modern capitalist society imposeson him the needs that do not belong to human beings through advertisements and other media,thus turning the social and political needs into the instinctive needs of individuals.The fourth part discusses the harm of one-dimensional society,elaborates the theoretical conception of Marcuse's multidimensional society,and explores the realization path of Marcuse's multidimensional society by discussing the theory of emancipation of love and desire,the revolutionary strategy of "great rejection" and the artistic revolution.Marcuse's theory of emancipation of love and desire is actually to establish a non-repressive and civilized society in which people's love and desire can be freely released."Great rejection" is a non-violent form of resistance,which unites all rebels against the developed industrial society and completely breaks with all existing things.Art has the characteristics of transcendence and negation.Marcuse put forward the road of art revolution to eliminate the oppression of human beings,and to liberate and develop human instincts in the form of art and aesthetics.The fifth part evaluates Marcuse's critical theory of one-dimension.On the one hand,it expounds that his critical thought inherits and develops Marx's critical theory of capitalism,correctly understands the influence of science and technology on society,and provides enlightenment for the development of socialism;on the other hand,it points out the limitations of Marcuse's critical theory of one-dimension from trending to Utopia and lacking of scientific basis for partial interpretation of the basic principles of Marxism.Marcuse left the right way of political revolution and economic revolution,and his attempt to seek human liberation through "instinctive revolution" is just a utopian fantasy.We still need to continue to explore this road to find a multi-dimensional society.