Human Alienation And Liberation In Marcuse's One-dimensional Theory

Based on Marcuse's one-dimensional theory,this thesis puts people at the center of attention,taking human alienation and liberation as the main clues,and connects the important concepts of "one-dimension",technical rationality,and alienation.It analyzes and demonstrates the problem's presentation form,the cause of formation,the solution,and the limitations and value of this method.It deepens the layers and highlights the unique significance of Marcuse's critical theory in the human dimension.Apart from the introduction and conclusion,the body of the thesis is divided into three main parts.The first part is an analysis of the "one-dimension" phenomenon and its presentation in the Marcuse's social critical perspective.From two aspects of the individual and the society,it summarizes what the "one-dimension" is,how it is expressed,and the uniqueness of it,showing the overall appearance of this core concept in a more comprehensive way.Marcuse intends to use the term "one-dimension" to summarize the hidden crisis underlying the prosperity of the developed industrial society.This is a situation in which individuals and the public are becoming more integrated.The extreme political rule,exaggerated economic prosperity,and vulgar high-level culture all reflect the same value trends and judgment criteria presented by the entire society.The people in it are also suppressed by the one-dimensional social life,losing their private space,and integrating their personal development into the wholeness of social development,so that they are far from the natural instinct and free thinking,and become a one-way person who loses critical consciousness and denies instinct.This is the alienation of people who violates the instincts of life.It is a mechanical carnival in a rich material civilization,which makes the concept of freedom lose its original core.In the second part,the thesis further analyzes the root causes of "one-dimensional people" in the developed capitalist industrial society.The rapid development of science and technology penetrates into the state machine and colludes with rule,making people not only obey the social system,but also serve the rule system.Technology has lost its neutrality.It is no longer a pure tool free from the outside,but has obvious political intentions.And It also affects people's thinking ability and value orientation with ideological characteristics.Technical rationality has eroded the basis of critical rationality.People are unaware of the alienation that is happening,but feel satisfied and approved of everything that exists.This kind of reverse echo from the inside out reflects the "rationality" that makes the "one-dimension" more durable and stable,and it is also the most hidden unique feature of technological rule.The third part focuses on explaining Marcuse's ideological attitude,liberation ways and future ideas of one-dimensional man,introducing his theory of Eros and aesthetic and making comments on it.In the process of constructing critical theory,Marcuse has been expecting alternative choices in history.In the denial of the existing empirical reality,he is committed to seeking a broad free living space for people.He regards Eros as the essence of man,and believes that only in the field of aesthetics and through the art of estrangement can the suppressed Eros be liberated,awaken people's sensibility,help build new ways of thinking and guide people out of the one-dimensional alienation space Because he was only talking about aesthetic emancipation in a shallow representation,Marcuse's conception of getting rid of the alienation dilemma underestimated the social attributes of human beings,so it was faced with the embarrassment of missing the actual subject and historical basis.The discussion about the revolution can only be an imagination,a fantasy “utopia” that only ends in study.But his theory also has its own unique rationality and reality.It has far-reaching significance for revealing the survival dilemma of modern people,reflecting and summarizing the social development model in the post-industrial era,and exploring the new road of liberation.