A Critical Commentary On Selected E-C Translation Of Preface And Chapters 1-2 Of Black Cowboys Of The Old West

This translation project comprises two parts,the translation practice and a critical commentary on the translation in terms of functional equivalence.The selected translation text is the preface and the first two chapters of Black Cowboys of the Old West(2010)written by Tricia Martineau Wagner,namely,"Introduction","Ride 'em Cowboy" and "This Side of the Law".There are ten chapters in the book,each of which tells a story about black cowboys in the west,and introduces the history of non-white cowboys and the unknown real life and secrets.People of all countries and even Americans have a fixed impression of cowboys.That is,cowboys are mostly white.In fact,black people have also made a significant contribution to the development of cowboy culture and promoted the role.This translation project is completely finished under the guidance of functional equivalence principle,which according to Nida,emphasizes the same reading effect of source language readers and target language readers.The translation text should enable target language readers to understand and appreciate the text in the way source language readers do.The translator aims to achieve correctness and fluency and the natrual translation at the second step according to the minimal,realistic definition and maximal,idealistic definition at the second step based on the general definition of functional equivalence.Considering this situation,the translator adopts necessary translation strategies from two linguistic levels to achieve that goal,namely,lexical level and syntactic level.