The Frontier Talents In Late Qing And Republican Period

In 1899,the Eastern Provincial Railway Russian School set up by the Qing government in Beijing(East Province"refers to the three Eastern provinces),after many evolution in the period of the Republic of China,continued after the establishment of the people's Republic of China,with far-reaching influence.It is particularly worth noting that whether in the school period or in all stages of the evolution of the school in the Republic of China,its work is always related to the cultivation of talents.This is relatively rare,can consistently prefsent the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China efforts to deal with the border crisis of the important performance,should be paid enough attention to by the academic community.However,in the past,the academic circles studied the school and its evolution in the Republic of China.It is not systematic,and no scholars have made a special discussion on its efforts and achievements in the cultivation of talents.Therefore,taking the Russian School of Railway in East Province and its evolution as an example,this paper discusses the cultivation of talents in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,and tries to systematically sort out and analyze the Russian School of Railway in East Province and its evolution stages and the reasons for its evolution.This paper systematically combs and studies the efforts and contributions of the school and its evolution stages in the cultivation of talents.The evolution of the Eastern Railway Russian School during the Republic of China included the Russian language School of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Beijing Government,the Russian Special School of Law and Administration,the Special School of legislation and Administration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,and the School of Russian Law and Administration of the National Peiping Universit\y of Nanjing.Business School of National Peiping University,Business Department of Law Business School of National Peiping University,Business Department of Law Business School of National Northwestern University,Department of Border Politics,School of Arts.Generally speaking,the reasons for the evolution of schools,except for the change of domestic regime and frequent war in China during the Republic of China,are closely related to the profound frontier crisis in China at that time and the changes in Sino-foreign relations behind the frontier crisis.The North of the Republic of China According to the changes of the current situation at home and abroad,the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Beijing Government and the Ministry of Education of Nanjing Government adjusted their educational purpose and direction in time,and trained a number of specialized talents for the development of border trade and diplomatic relations with Russia.The Russian School of Railway in East Province and its evolution stages have transported a batch of specialized talents for the development of the border areas in Northeast and Northwest China through the targeted educational planning.Most of the Russian translators trained by the Russian School of the East Province Railway School are directly distributed to the East Province Railway Company to serve the construction and operation of the East Province Railway.The Russian language Institute of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Beijing Government provides Russian translators for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the local diplomacy of the Eastern Province.Graduate students either remain in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or send to embassies and consulates of neighboring countries in the Eastern Province.The Russian Special School of Law and Administration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has sent a number of Russian legal and political talents to the Eastern Provincial Court,which has greatly supported the law and government of the Eastern Province.Construction.During the period of Nanjing Government Peiping University,the Russian School of Law and Administration,the Business School of Law Business School and the Department of Business of Law Business School provided inexhaustible talents for the development of law and government and border trade in Northeast and Northwest China through the special teaching of law and government or business.The Department of Business of the Law Business School of the National Northwestern University was reorganized from the former Department of Business of the Law Business School of the National Peiping University,which is still dominated by business teaching.In 1944,the National Northwestern University set up the Department of Frontier Politics in the School of Arts to specialize in the training of border government talents.As a result,the Department of Business of the Law Business School of National Northwestern University cancelled its frontier course.In 1947,the Department of Border Politics was transformed into the official Law Business School.In 1949,the military Management Council of the Communist Party of China accepted the northwest universities.In the integration of colleges and departments,the Department of Border Politics of Northwestern University has been changed into the Department of Minority Ethnology,which belongs to the College of Arts.The curriculum design of the Department of Border Politics of National Northwestern University involves frontier national language,frontier national culture,frontier economy,frontier geography and so on,and trains a number of specialized talents for the development and construction of northwest frontier.In addition to the specialized personnel provided to the border provinces,there will be a group of talents engaged in Russian or business education,legal and political education,or retention as teaching staff,in addition to the specialized personnel provided to the border provinces in the Russian language School of the Eastern Province and its evolution stage during the period of the Republic of China.Or in other educational institutions,so that the border education work has a continuation.For example,Feng Shouling,a lecturer in the Department of Business of the Law Business School of the National Peiping University,graduated from the Russian Institute of Foreign Affairs.Shen Pengfei,a Russian professor at the National Northwestern University,graduated from the Department of Business of the Law Business School of the National Peiping University in 1935.Zhang Dongjie,assistant professor of frontier Chinese at Lanzhou University,graduated from the Department of Frontier Politics,National Northwestern University School of Law.The Eastern Railway Russian School and its evolution during the period of the Beijing government in the Republic of China,the graduate students were directly distributed to the East Province by the government.This has certain necessity and pertinence at that time,which still has certain reference value to the contemporary employment.Today,the government can still intervene in the employment of frontier graduates for some special frontier development and construction.The educational planning of the Russian School of Railway in East Province and its evolution provides a reference experience for the discipline construction and curriculum design of some colleges and universities that set up the specialty of frontier science in the climax of the third frontier research.For example,in the curriculum,the language of the neighboring countries is taken as the first foreign language,and the minority language of the frontier is taken as a compulsory subject for students.