Study On The Living State Of The Two Huai Dashers In Ming Dynasty

Zaohu was a special group among many household registration in Ming dynasty.As a producer of salt,it played an important role in the salt industry economy of the Ming dynasty.On the basis of sorting out the previous studies on zaohu,this paper selected representative zaohu households in the two huaihe regions as the research objects,collected a large number of historical data on zaohu households and the salt industry economy,and attempted to discuss the living conditions of zaohu households in the two huaihe regions in the Ming dynasty,so as to enrich the previous research results on zaohu.At the beginning of the Ming dynasty,under the strict control of the Ming government,households in lianghuai zao carried out forced labor in salt farms.Their activity scope was strictly limited,their social status was low,their income was low,and their living conditions were difficult and difficult.After the middle period of Ming dynasty,due to the sharp deterioration of income level,the continuous disturbance by the government,the disorder of the salt farm,and the loss of means of production by a large number of zaohu households,the living conditions of zaohu households in huaihe and lianghuai were further deteriorated.In order to survive,a large number of kitchen households had to flee or privately fry and sell private salt,which led to the spread of private salt in the huaihe river and the difficulty in salt collection,thus affecting the fiscal revenue of the Ming government.Under the pressure,the Ming government had to take measures,but little effect,had to carry out the salt government change,adjust the remaining salt policy,focus on the curriculum to levy color.After the reform of salt administration in the huai-huaihe region,zao households gradually gained the power of free production and domination of salt,and their status in salt production was improved to be close to that of small producers.After the ban on surplus salt was opened,the rich kitchen gradually expanded the production scale,squeezed the living space of the poor kitchen,and the polarization between the rich and the poor became more serious.After the direct trading of zao,the relationship between zao households and salt merchants became closer.In the middle and late Ming dynasty,zao households fled in large Numbers,which greatly damaged the zao nationality system.With the implementation of zao course and silver,zao households gradually relaxed their personal attachment to the state,and their activity space was no longer limited to salt fields,and they also had new choices in their career.