The Figure Evolution Of Yaksha In Yungang Grottoes And The Cultural Communication Between Chinese And Western

As the largest and more complete grotto in China before Tang Dynasty,the Yungang Grottoes was excaveted by Northern Wei.The South and North Dynasty is a period of integration between the Hu and Han nationalities,there is more exchanges between the East and the West,besides the impact between the South and the North.Yungang Grottoes was completed by Tuoba Xianbei in the short time,which based on foreign Buddhist art,and integrated the culture of national and Han culture,and became the model in North China.In short,Yungang Grottoes has a prime significance and impact on the development of Chinese Buddhism and Buddhist art.With the introduction of Buddhist art from India to Xinjiang,Hexi,and then into the Central Plains,the figure of yaksha has constantly changed,which is more different from India and Gandhara art.As an important part of Buddhist statues,the development and evolution of Yaksha is the result of the communication and integration between various cultures.The figure of yaksha in Yungang Grottoes not only have a large number,but also have a variety of shapes.On the one hand,it can trace the source and the style of grotto,on the other hand,it reflects the social culture of the time as well.The thesis concerns the yaksha that are better preserved in Yungang Grottoes.In the first place,tease out the distribution of Yaksha in each cavern to have a general understanding.Secondly,classify the Yaksha with typology method to find out the law of its development and evolution.The third point,in consideration of the figure probably influenced by local cultural at that time,this study separately analyzes its posture,weapons,turban and dress.In the meantime,compares with other regions to understand the relationship between them.Last,it is found that the style of the yaksha in Yungang Grottoes is influenced by the figure of the guardian deity and strong man in Chinese traditional culture,then look at the figure of the guardian deity and strong man in China,to find out the relationship between them and theYungang Grottoes,in order to provide new materials for the comprehensive understanding of Yungang Grottoes.