Research On Private Machinery Factory During The Anti-Japanese War

The machinery industry is industrial sectors of product the machine for army and and civil,it is one of the important material bases for warring countries to fight,and its development level is an important symbol of the degree of national industrialization?In 1937,the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan brought tragic disaster to the Chinese nation,but it also became a turning point in the destiny of the Chinese nation?And the War was also a turning point in the early development history of the machinery industry of china?In order to meet the needs of fight the invading army and develop economy,the machinery industry has become a key industry for the development of the national government in the rear area,and has made tremendous achievements under the leadership of the state,thus laying a foreshadowing for the long-term path of China's industrialization.However,the private machinery industry are deeply affected by the great changes brought about by the war.This paper analyzed the development of Shunchang Iron industry from 1937 to 1945 chronologically,as so as explore the impact of war on private machinery industry.Before the War,China.s machinery industry mainly concentrated in the eastern region centered on Shanghai,with private machinery enterprises as the main part.the Shunchang iron industry is a little machine factory,developed on the basis of the small machine repair depot?In 1937,when Japan' s full-scale war of aggression China happened,the eastern part was occupied,the country was in danger and the national crisis was serious.In order to win the War of Resistance and achieve national independence,Eastern coastal factories relocated to the rear under the organization of the National Government?The private machinery industry took the lead in migration,the war reshaped the geographical pattern of China's machinery manufacturing industry and directly interrupted its normal development path.Shunchang Iron Factory is the first migration plant,and the first batch of enterprises to rework in Chongqing,thus opening a new journey in the rear.During the Anti-Japanese War,Shunchang Iron Factory made great efforts to produce machines and meet the market demand,its participated in the national military Anti-Japanese War and economic construction by the direct or indirect means,it became a famous machine factory in the rear area and made great contributions to the founding of the Chinese nation during the Anti-Japanese War.However,the prosperity of wartime is just like a flash in the pan.At the end of the war,the factory declined rapidly until the vendor factory and dismissed.War is the key factor affecting the development of private machinery enterprises.In addition,wartime demand has attracted the attention of the national government to private machinery enterprises.The demand for machine exceeds supply in the rear area.The national government strengthened machine production,developed equipment manufacturing industry,intervenes in private machinery enterprises through a series of industrial policies,and controls the Production-Purchase-Sale and other production links.Although the support policy of the national government maintained the survival of Shunchang Iron Factory in the rear to a certain extent,it also deepened its dependence on the government,made the factory lose the independence of production,and laid hidden dangers for the later development.At the end of the War,the national government opened its free market,leaded to the private machinery factories in the rear area totally collapse.Finally,they embarked on the road of closure,disbandment,reorganization and merger.The development of Shunchang Iron Factory is the epitome of the new life of Chinese private machinery factory in the War of Resistance Against Japan,and also the portrayal of the arduous struggle of Chinese national machinery industry.