A Study On Chinese Loanwords In Pingba Hmong

Pingba Town is located in the southeast of Guzhang County,Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,western Hunan Province.The Miao population accounts for more than 96%,and it is a typical Miao community town.There are Miao dialect,Southwest Mandarin,Hunan dialect and Rural dialect in Pingba Town.Miao dialect and Southwest Mandarin are used throughout the town.This paper is a special study on Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language.The aim is to determine the source of Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language and to analyze their historical levels.The significance of the historical hierarchical analysis of Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language lies in: Firstly,the study of Chinese loanwords in ethnic languages mainly focuses on dividing the historical levels of Chinese loanwords.Because of the scarcity of historical documents in Miao language,we can observe the diachronic evolution of the phonetic system of Pingba Miao language through the phonetics of Chinese Loanwords in different historical periods,which is conducive to the study of Pingba Miao language.History of pronunciation.Secondly,through the pronunciation of Chinese loanwords in different times of Pingba Miao language,we can observe the phonetic features of different times of Chinese language,which is conducive to the further study of the history of Chinese phonetics.Moreover,due to the complexity and uncertainty of the relationship between Chinese and Miao,one of the reasons is that we have not found a complete and exact way to distinguish the Miao and Han cognates from the loanwords,especially the Miao and Han cognates and loanwords in the ancient times,which are more difficult to judge.The identification and determination of loanwords is an important window to solve the relationship between Miao and Han.Once the loanwords are determined,the problem of identifying homologous words will be solved.Therefore,the study of the loanwords in Pingba Miao and Chinese will help us to further clarify the relationship between Miao and Han.Besides the Miao language,Pingba Town is adjacent to the Southwest Mandarin,Hunan dialect and Rural dialect.From the loanwords of Pingba Miao language and Chinese,we can get a glimpse of the history of Pingba Town adjacent to the Southwest Mandarin,Hunan dialect and Rural dialect,which is conducive to assisting the analysis of the history of Chinese dialects and ethnic groups in Pin Through the identification of Miao and Chinese loanwords,we can clarify the contact degree between Miao and Chinese.In addition,the division of contact degree is equal to the division of contact times.By clarifying the loanwords of different times,we can analyze the contact degree between Miao and Han nationalities in different times,which is conducive to the study of the contact mechanism and degree between Miao and Chinese.First,it can provide new examples for the theory of language contact,and secondly,it has certain reference value for corpus.The full text is divided into four chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,discussing the research objectives,significance,background and methods of Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language,and reviewing the research of Chinese loanwords in Miao language.At the same time,it puts forward how to study Chinese loanwords in Miao language.The second chapter briefly introduces the situation of Pingba Town,and at the same time describes the language situation of Pingba Town in detail.It lists the phonetic situation of Miao,Southwest Mandarin,Hunan and Rural dialects in Pingba Town.Chapter three is the core content of this paper.It puts forward the principles and methods of dividing the historical level of Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language,and describes and discusses the historical level of Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language in detail.Based on the evolution of ancient Chinese pronunciation,medieval Chinese pronunciation,Southwest Mandarin around Pingba Miao,Hunan and Rural dialects,and various phonological categories,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the standard of Chinese loanwords stratification in Pingba Miao.According to the principle of Chinese loanwords stratification,the source of these Chinese loanwords is analyzed.The Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language are divided into four levels: modern,modern,medieval and ancient.Firstly,according to the sound and meaning of Pingba Miao language and the phonetic characteristics and evolution of Guyang dialect in southwestern Mandarin around Pingba Miao language,the modern Chinese loanwords of Pingba Miao language are cited.Secondly,when the Chinese loanwords of Pingba Miao language are traced back to the level of modern Chinese,the words that do not conform to the phonetic characteristics of modern Chinese loanwords of Pingba Miao language are found and analyzed,and this feature is classified as Pingba Miao language near Secondly,it traces the Chinese loanwords of Pingba Miao Language back to the Middle Ages,finds out the Related words of Pingba Miao Language and the phonological category and rhyme category of the Middle Ages,cites the Middle Age Chinese loanwords of Pingba Miao Language,judges the source of the ancient Chinese loanwords of Pingba Miao Language and divides the level of the ancient Chinese loanwords of Pingba Miao Language.The Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language can be traced back to the ancient times.The loanwords in Pingba Miao language are analyzed by combining the materials of Chinese handed down literature,local languages of Miao dialects and Wang Fushi's Ancient Miao Phonetic Construction.Because the author's learning ability is limited,six Miao-Chinese relational words are used to illustrate the ancient Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language.Chapter Four introduces the types of Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language and analyses the meanings of Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao language.Based on the materials obtained from the field investigation in Pingba Town,this paper uses the knowledge of historical linguistics,Chinese phonology,Chinese dialectology,documentary linguistics,sociolinguistics and other disciplines to study the Chinese loanwords in Pingba Miao Language by descriptive and comparative methods.